Which of the following problems is associated with the burning of coal?
- a) acid rain
- b) carbon dioxide emissions
- c) ash with toxic metal impurities
- d) all of these
The correct answer and explanation is :
Correct Answer:
d) all of these
Explanation:
The burning of coal is a significant environmental concern due to its various harmful effects. It contributes to acid rain, carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions, and toxic ash containing metal impurities.
1. Acid Rain:
Coal combustion releases sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) into the atmosphere. These gases react with water, oxygen, and other chemicals in the air to form sulfuric acid and nitric acid, which then fall to the ground as acid rain. Acid rain damages forests, harms aquatic life by acidifying water bodies, and erodes buildings and monuments.
2. Carbon Dioxide Emissions:
Coal is a fossil fuel composed mainly of carbon. When burned, it reacts with oxygen to form carbon dioxide (CO₂), a greenhouse gas responsible for global warming and climate change. CO₂ traps heat in the Earth’s atmosphere, leading to rising global temperatures, melting ice caps, extreme weather events, and disruption of ecosystems.
3. Ash with Toxic Metal Impurities:
Coal combustion produces coal ash as a waste product, which contains hazardous substances like mercury, arsenic, lead, cadmium, and chromium. These metals are highly toxic and can contaminate soil and water, leading to severe health risks such as respiratory diseases, neurological disorders, and even cancer. Improper disposal of coal ash can result in groundwater pollution and long-term environmental damage.
Conclusion:
Burning coal has multiple harmful consequences for the environment and human health. It is a major contributor to air pollution, acid rain, climate change, and toxic waste production. Reducing coal use and switching to cleaner, renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydroelectric power is crucial to mitigating these environmental issues.