The person you are caring for is reviewing written instructions from their physician and sees that they have four new medicines prescribed. They are primarily concerned with their migraine headaches and want to know which of the medicines will help with that. What medication might be used to treat their migraine headaches?
Tinzaparin (Innohep(®)
Finasteride (Proscar)
Nitroglycerin (Nitrobid®)
Rizatriptan (Maxalt)
The correct answer and explanation is :
The medication that is used to treat migraine headaches is Rizatriptan (Maxalt®).
Explanation:
Rizatriptan belongs to a class of drugs called triptans, which are specifically used to treat acute migraine attacks. It works by stimulating serotonin (5-HT) receptors in the brain, leading to the constriction of blood vessels and reducing inflammation that contributes to migraine pain. Unlike other pain relievers, triptans target the root cause of migraines rather than just masking the pain.
How Rizatriptan Works for Migraines:
- Vasoconstriction: Migraines are often caused by dilated blood vessels in the brain. Rizatriptan narrows these blood vessels to relieve headache pain.
- Reducing Neurotransmitter Activity: It decreases the release of inflammatory substances that worsen migraines, reducing associated symptoms like nausea and sensitivity to light or sound.
- Rapid Relief: Rizatriptan is known for its fast-acting effects, usually providing relief within 30 minutes to 2 hours after taking it.
Why the Other Medications Are Not Used for Migraines:
- Tinzaparin (Innohep®) – This is a blood thinner (low molecular weight heparin) used to prevent or treat deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism. It does not affect migraines.
- Finasteride (Proscar®) – This is a medication used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and male pattern baldness. It has no role in migraine treatment.
- Nitroglycerin (Nitrobid®) – This medication is used to treat angina (chest pain) caused by heart disease. In fact, nitroglycerin can actually trigger migraines as a side effect due to its ability to widen blood vessels.
Thus, Rizatriptan (Maxalt®) is the correct choice for treating migraine headaches. If the person has any concerns about its use, they should consult their physician for further guidance.