Nineteenth-century liberals wanted:
monarchies
The ancient regime
change
No change
The correct answer and explanation is :
The correct answer is change.
Nineteenth-century liberals were advocates of political and social reforms and opposed traditional monarchies and the ancient regime. They wanted to replace old systems of absolute monarchy and feudalism with more democratic forms of government that emphasized individual rights, civil liberties, and the rule of law.
Explanation:
Liberalism, as a political ideology, emerged during the late 18th and early 19th centuries, primarily in response to the absolutist monarchies and aristocratic privileges that were prominent in Europe. The French Revolution (1789) was a key event that catalyzed liberal ideas, as it overthrew the French monarchy and established a republic based on principles of equality, liberty, and fraternity.
In the 19th century, liberals sought to limit the power of monarchs and aristocrats, advocating for the establishment of constitutional governments. They called for written constitutions that would define the powers of the state and protect individual rights such as freedom of speech, religion, and assembly. Liberals believed in the importance of representative democracy, where elected officials made decisions on behalf of the people rather than rulers who governed by divine right.
Liberals also championed economic reforms that favored free markets and free trade, believing that individuals should be free to pursue their own economic interests without excessive government interference. This contrasted sharply with the old mercantilist systems, which were often heavily controlled by monarchs and their courts.
In contrast to conservatives, who sought to maintain the traditional social order, including monarchies and the privileges of the aristocracy, liberals were progressive in their thinking. They wanted political, social, and economic change to promote equality, democracy, and personal freedom.
Thus, the primary goal of 19th-century liberals was change, advocating for reforms that would move away from monarchical and aristocratic systems and toward modern democratic governance.