Which of the following defines hypothesis?
A. idea that proves a theory
B. means of explaining social phenomena
C. tentative explanation
D. way of looking at the world
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
Correct Answer: C. tentative explanation
A hypothesis is best defined as a tentative explanation for an observation, phenomenon, or scientific problem that can be tested through further investigation. It is not a proven fact, but rather a starting point for research. Scientists or researchers form a hypothesis based on prior knowledge, background research, or observations. They then conduct experiments or studies to confirm or refute it. A good hypothesis must be testable and falsifiable, meaning it can be supported or disproved through evidence and experimentation.
Option A, “idea that proves a theory,” is incorrect because a hypothesis does not prove a theory. Instead, it helps to test a theory. Scientific theories are developed through a long process of hypothesis testing, observation, and evidence collection. No single hypothesis can prove a theory. Science works through repeated testing and refinement, not through absolute proof.
Option B, “means of explaining social phenomena,” is too narrow. While hypotheses can be used in the social sciences to explain social phenomena, this definition excludes their use in natural sciences like biology, chemistry, or physics.
Option D, “way of looking at the world,” is more fitting for a paradigm or a worldview, not a hypothesis. A hypothesis is much more specific and focused on a particular question or problem.
To summarize, a hypothesis is a starting point for investigation. It proposes a relationship between variables or a possible explanation for a phenomenon. After forming a hypothesis, researchers test it through experiments and analyze the results to see if the evidence supports or contradicts it. This process is fundamental to the scientific method, making hypothesis formation a critical step in scientific research and discovery.