What are the functions of a Hotchkiss drive? Compare its merits with torque tube drive. Explain its working principle of with neat sketch.
The correct answer and explanation is :
Functions of a Hotchkiss Drive
The Hotchkiss drive is a type of rear-wheel drive system primarily used in automobiles. It transmits power from the gearbox to the rear axle while also accommodating rear axle movement due to road irregularities.
Main Functions:
- Power Transmission: Transmits torque from the gearbox to the differential and rear wheels.
- Accommodates Axle Movement: Uses slip joints and universal joints to allow for changes in drive shaft length and angles.
- Controls Torque Reaction: The leaf springs absorb driving and braking torques.
- Rear Axle Location: Provides lateral and longitudinal support to the axle using leaf springs.
Working Principle with Neat Sketch
In the Hotchkiss drive, the propeller shaft is connected to the gearbox and the differential using two universal joints (one at each end). A slip joint allows for length variation due to vertical movement of the axle.
(Note: Please insert this sketch into your answer sheet)
When the engine runs, torque is transmitted through the clutch and gearbox to the propeller shaft. The universal joints accommodate angular changes while the slip joint adjusts length as the suspension moves. The leaf springs mounted between the chassis and axle absorb the torque reaction and maintain axle positioning.
Merits of Hotchkiss Drive over Torque Tube Drive
| Feature | Hotchkiss Drive | Torque Tube Drive |
|---|---|---|
| Construction | Simpler, uses open shaft with leaf springs | Complex, uses enclosed torque tube |
| Maintenance | Easier, components more accessible | Difficult due to enclosed setup |
| Weight | Lighter | Heavier due to additional housing |
| Cost | Economical | More expensive |
| Flexibility | Better for varying load and terrain | Less flexible |
Conclusion
The Hotchkiss drive is widely used in light commercial and passenger vehicles due to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and ease of maintenance. While the torque tube drive offers better control over torque reactions, the Hotchkiss system’s flexibility and lighter design make it more suitable for general automotive use.
