logical extension involves
a) linking a newly learned word to other objects in the same category
b) mentally charting new words
c) applying a new concept to a preexisting category
d) equilibration
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
Answers:
A. Logical extension of multiprogramming operating system is
✅ c. time sharing and multi-tasking
B. Multiprogramming of the computer system increases the
✅ b. CPU utilization
Explanation:
A. Logical extension of multiprogramming operating system: c. time sharing and multi-tasking
Multiprogramming is a method where multiple programs reside in memory and the CPU switches between them to improve efficiency. However, in multiprogramming, users may still experience delay, and it doesn’t provide interactive capabilities.
Time-sharing and multi-tasking are logical advancements of multiprogramming. In time-sharing, the CPU time is divided among multiple users or tasks. Each user gets a time slice, creating the illusion that each task is running simultaneously. Multi-tasking, on the other hand, refers to executing multiple tasks or processes concurrently on a single CPU. This is more advanced than traditional multiprogramming, as it emphasizes responsiveness and user interaction.
These extensions enhance the system’s ability to manage several processes efficiently and improve user experience by allowing real-time interactions. Thus, time sharing and multi-tasking represent the natural evolution of multiprogramming.
B. Multiprogramming of the computer system increases the: b. CPU utilization
One of the primary objectives of a multiprogramming system is to maximize CPU usage. In a single-programming environment, the CPU might remain idle during I/O operations. For example, when a program is reading data from a disk, the CPU waits, which wastes computational resources.
Multiprogramming solves this by loading multiple programs into memory. When one program waits for I/O, the CPU switches to another ready-to-run process. This way, the CPU is kept busy almost all the time, leading to increased CPU utilization.
More utilization means higher efficiency, better throughput, and optimal use of resources. It doesn’t necessarily increase memory or storage; instead, it manages them better. Also, it doesn’t inherently increase the cost of computation, because it makes better use of existing hardware.
Therefore, multiprogramming significantly increases CPU utilization, making it a powerful strategy in system performance optimization.