Match the molecule with the correct process in protein production. Contains the information necessary to produce proteins through gene expression Carries amino acids to the ribosome Contains the information from DNA known as the genetic code Is combined with proteins to make ribosomes
Description: student submitted image, transcription available below
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
Sure! Based on your description and typical questions related to the roles of molecules in protein production, here is a match between each description and the correct molecule involved in protein synthesis:
Match the Molecules with Their Functions:
- Contains the information necessary to produce proteins through gene expression
→ DNA - Carries amino acids to the ribosome
→ tRNA (transfer RNA) - Contains the information from DNA known as the genetic code
→ mRNA (messenger RNA) - Is combined with proteins to make ribosomes
→ rRNA (ribosomal RNA)
Explanation
Protein synthesis is a fundamental biological process that involves converting the genetic code stored in DNA into functional proteins. This complex process requires the coordinated action of several types of nucleic acids: DNA, mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA.
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) serves as the blueprint of life. It contains all the genetic instructions needed to create proteins and other vital molecules. Genes, which are specific segments of DNA, encode the information necessary for protein production through a process called gene expression.
The process begins with transcription, where a copy of the gene is made in the form of mRNA (messenger RNA). This molecule carries the genetic instructions from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. mRNA contains codons, which are sequences of three nucleotides that correspond to specific amino acids.
At the ribosome, tRNA (transfer RNA) molecules play a crucial role during translation. Each tRNA has an anticodon that pairs with the corresponding codon on the mRNA and is attached to a specific amino acid. As the ribosome moves along the mRNA, tRNAs bring the correct amino acids, which are then linked together to form a protein chain.
Finally, rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is a structural and functional component of ribosomes. It combines with proteins to form ribosomes, which are the molecular machines that assemble proteins. rRNA ensures the proper alignment of the mRNA and tRNAs and catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids.
Together, these molecules orchestrate the accurate production of proteins, which are essential for nearly all cellular functions.
