Classify the compound by family. The compound is an ester an anhydride an acid chloride a carboxylic acid an amide
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
To classify a compound by its family, we need to identify the functional group present. Based on the options given—ester, anhydride, acid chloride, carboxylic acid, and amide—these all belong to the carboxylic acid derivative family, and each has a distinct structural feature.
Let’s first define each family:
1. Carboxylic Acid:
Structure: R–COOH
A carboxylic acid contains a carbon double-bonded to an oxygen (C=O) and also bonded to an OH group. It’s the most oxidized form in this series. Carboxylic acids are acidic due to their ability to donate a proton (H⁺) from the –OH group.
2. Ester:
Structure: R–COOR′
Esters result from the reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. Instead of an –OH, they have an –OR′ group attached to the carbonyl carbon. Esters are known for their sweet or fruity smells.
3. Anhydride:
Structure: (RCO)₂O
Anhydrides are formed from two carboxylic acid molecules with the loss of a water molecule. They have two acyl (RCO–) groups bonded to the same oxygen atom.
4. Acid Chloride:
Structure: R–COCl
Acid chlorides contain a carbonyl group bonded to a chlorine atom. They are highly reactive and commonly used in acylation reactions.
5. Amide:
Structure: R–CONH₂, R–CONHR′, or R–CONR′₂
Amides have a carbonyl group bonded to a nitrogen atom. They are typically formed from a carboxylic acid and an amine or ammonia. Amides are less reactive than esters and acid chlorides due to resonance stabilization.
To classify the compound correctly, you need to provide the structure or name of the compound.
Without that, we can’t definitively say which family it belongs to. Please provide the structure or name of the compound, and I’ll classify it and explain in detail.
