How does nuclear fusion make life on Earth possible? A. creates the sun’s magnetic field B. blocks radiation from reaching Earth C. releases energy that warms Earth D. creates Earth’s magnetic field
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
Correct Answer: C. releases energy that warms Earth
Explanation
Nuclear fusion is a fundamental process that powers the Sun and, in turn, makes life on Earth possible. In the core of the Sun, nuclear fusion occurs when hydrogen nuclei (protons) collide at extremely high temperatures and pressures, fusing to form helium. During this process, a small amount of the hydrogen’s mass is converted into a large amount of energy, according to Einstein’s equation E=mc2E=mc^2E=mc2. This energy is released in the form of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light and infrared radiation.
The light and heat produced by the Sun through nuclear fusion are critical for life on Earth. The energy radiates outward from the Sun’s core and eventually reaches Earth after traveling approximately 150 million kilometers through space. This solar radiation warms the planet’s surface, drives weather systems, enables photosynthesis in plants, and supports ecosystems across the globe.
Photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight into chemical energy, forms the base of the food chain and produces oxygen—essential for most life forms. Moreover, the warmth from the Sun helps maintain Earth’s temperature within a range suitable for liquid water, another key ingredient for life.
It’s important to note that while the Sun does have a magnetic field and contributes to space weather, Earth’s magnetic field is generated by the movement of molten iron in its outer core—not by nuclear fusion. Likewise, the Sun does not “block” radiation; rather, it emits it, and Earth’s atmosphere and magnetic field protect the surface from harmful types of solar and cosmic radiation.
In conclusion, nuclear fusion releases energy that warms Earth, making it habitable by supporting vital processes such as photosynthesis, regulating climate, and enabling the presence of liquid water—essential for sustaining life.
