Which body composition measurement utilizes calipers? A. Girth measurements B. DEXA scan C. Skinfold measurements D. Bioelectrical impedance
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
Correct Answer: C. Skinfold measurements
Explanation:
Skinfold measurements are a widely used method to estimate body fat percentage, and they utilize calipers—a specialized tool designed to measure the thickness of skinfolds at specific sites on the body. The principle behind this method is that the thickness of subcutaneous fat (fat under the skin) is proportional to total body fat.
How it works:
A trained professional uses calipers to pinch and measure the thickness of skinfolds at various standardized locations on the body. Common sites include the triceps, abdomen, thigh, suprailiac (above the hip bone), and subscapular (below the shoulder blade). The measurements from these sites are then entered into equations—often age- and gender-specific—that estimate body fat percentage.
Advantages:
- Affordable and accessible: Unlike advanced technologies like DEXA, skinfold calipers are inexpensive and portable.
- Quick: The assessment can be performed in just a few minutes.
- Reasonably accurate: When done correctly by a trained technician, the results can be reliable and consistent.
Limitations:
- Operator-dependent: The accuracy depends heavily on the skill and experience of the person taking the measurements.
- Less effective for very lean or obese individuals: It can be challenging to get accurate readings in these populations.
Comparison with other options:
- A. Girth measurements involve using a tape measure to assess the circumference of body parts and do not use calipers.
- B. DEXA scan (Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry) is a highly accurate method that uses low-dose X-rays to assess body composition, but it does not involve calipers.
- D. Bioelectrical impedance measures body composition by sending a small electrical current through the body to estimate fat and lean mass, also without calipers.
Therefore, skin calipers are specifically used in skinfold measurements (Option C).
