What is the structure labeled E in the diagram below? E D C A. Mitochondrion B. Cytoplasm C. Ribosome D. Nucleus ? PREVIOUS A B F
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
The correct answer is: B. Cytoplasm
Explanation:
In the diagram, structure E refers to the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance that fills the inside of a cell. It surrounds all the internal structures and organelles, providing a medium where cellular processes can occur. It is composed mostly of water, salts, and proteins.
The cytoplasm plays a vital role in maintaining cell structure and allowing the movement of materials within the cell. It helps support and suspend the organelles and cellular molecules. Many essential biochemical reactions occur in the cytoplasm, such as glycolysis, which is the first step of cellular respiration. In addition, the cytoplasm is the site where ribosomes float freely and begin protein synthesis, and where transport of genetic material and products takes place between different parts of the cell.
The cytoplasm can be divided into two parts: the cytosol, which is the fluid portion, and the organelles, which are the structures suspended within it. Together, they make up the intracellular environment. The cytoplasm also plays a role in cell signaling and in the movement of materials within the cell through a process called cytoplasmic streaming.
Let’s briefly compare the other options:
- A. Mitochondrion – These are the powerhouses of the cell, responsible for energy production, but they are distinct, bean-shaped organelles, not the general filling substance labeled E.
- C. Ribosome – These are tiny structures involved in protein synthesis and may float in the cytoplasm or attach to the rough ER, but they are not large enough to be labeled E in this diagram.
- D. Nucleus – This is the control center of the cell containing DNA. It is labeled F in the diagram, not E.
Thus, based on the location and appearance in the diagram, structure E is the cytoplasm.
