What is the compound name of H2O?
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
Compound Name: Water
Explanation:
H₂O is the chemical formula for a very common and essential compound known as water. Its name in systematic chemical nomenclature is dihydrogen monoxide, though this term is rarely used outside of academic or humorous contexts. The name “water” is the common name and is universally accepted in scientific, educational, and everyday settings.
The chemical formula H₂O indicates that each molecule of water consists of two hydrogen (H) atoms covalently bonded to one oxygen (O) atom. The bonds between the atoms are polar covalent because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, meaning it pulls shared electrons closer to itself. This causes the oxygen end of the molecule to carry a partial negative charge, while the hydrogen ends carry a partial positive charge.
The shape of a water molecule is bent or V-shaped, with a bond angle of approximately 104.5 degrees. This geometry arises from the electron pair repulsion described by the VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory. Oxygen has two lone pairs of electrons in addition to the two bonding pairs, which push the hydrogen atoms closer together.
Water is a polar molecule, and its polarity leads to unique properties such as high surface tension, strong cohesion and adhesion, and excellent solvent capabilities. The polarity also allows water molecules to form hydrogen bonds with each other and with other substances, giving rise to high boiling and melting points relative to its molecular weight.
Water exists in all three states—solid (ice), liquid, and gas (steam/vapor)—under conditions commonly found on Earth. It is vital for life, acting as a medium for biochemical reactions, a temperature regulator, and a transport medium in biological systems. Its abundance and essential role make water one of the most studied and important compounds in chemistry.
