Crossword Puzzle: Circulatory System Directions Complete the crossword puzzle using the clues provided.

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Crossword Puzzle: Circulatory System Directions Complete the crossword puzzle using the clues provided. Across 1. Secretes histamine and heparin 5. Inner lining of heart wall 7. Abnormal heart sound 9. Sac that encloses the heart 10. Engulfs bacteria by phagocytosis 11. Consists of white blood cells and platelets 15. Shape of RBC 18. Production of blood cells 20. Between left atrium and left ventricle 21. Largest WBC 24. Forms bulk of heart wall 25. Between right atrium and right ventricle 27. Produces antibodies 28. Also known as the epicardium 29. Chamber that pumps blood to entire body 30. Stimulates RBC production Down 2. White blood cell 3. Carries blood toward heart 4. Stoppage of bleeding 6. Tiny blood vessels 8. Receives deoxygenated blood 12. Red blood cell 13. No antigen blood 14. Inhibits clotting 16. Pacemaker of the heart 17. Receives oxygenated blood 19. Needed for absorption of vitamin B12 22. Transports oxygen 23. Carries blood away from heart 26. Liquid part of blood 183 © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 12: Circulatory System

The Correct Answer and Explanation is:

Based on the clues provided, here is the solution to the circulatory system crossword puzzle. Note: The provided puzzle grid contains several inconsistencies in word length and intersecting letters, making a perfect fill-in impossible. The answers listed below are the correct biological terms for each clue.

Across

  1. BASOPHIL: A type of white blood cell (WBC) that releases histamine during allergic reactions and heparin to prevent clotting.
  2. ENDOCARDIUM: The thin, smooth membrane that lines the inside of the chambers of the heart and forms the surface of the valves.
  3. MURMUR: An unusual sound heard between heartbeats, often caused by turbulent fluid flow through a valve.
  4. PERICARDIUM: The membrane enclosing the heart, consisting of an outer fibrous layer and an inner double layer of serous membrane.
  5. PHAGOCYTE: A type of cell that has the ability to ingest and digest foreign particles, such as bacteria and debris.
  6. BUFFY COAT: A thin, whitish layer of WBCs and platelets found between the red blood cells and plasma in centrifuged blood.
  7. BICONCAVE: The distinctive disc shape of a red blood cell, which is thinner in the center than at the edges, maximizing surface area for gas exchange.
  8. HEMATOPOIESIS: The process of creating new blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
  9. MITRAL VALVE: The valve with two cusps located between the left atrium and the left ventricle.
  10. MONOCYTE: The largest type of leukocyte, which can differentiate into macrophages and engulf cellular debris and pathogens.
  11. MYOCARDIUM: The muscular tissue of the heart wall, responsible for its powerful contractions.
  12. TRICUSPID VALVE: The valve situated between the right atrium and the right ventricle, which has three cusps.
  13. LYMPHOCYTE: A type of white blood cell fundamental to the immune system; B-lymphocytes mature into plasma cells that produce antibodies. (Note: This word is 10 letters, while the grid allows for 9).
  14. VISCERAL PERICARDIUM: The inner layer of the serous pericardium, which is also known as the epicardium and is attached to the surface of the heart. (Note: The grid allows for 11 letters).
  15. LEFT VENTRICLE: The lower-left chamber of the heart that receives oxygen-rich fluid from the left atrium and pumps it into the aorta for distribution to the entire body.
  16. ERYTHROPOIETIN: A hormone, produced primarily by the kidneys, that stimulates the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells.

Down

  1. LEUKOCYTE: The general term for a white blood cell, a key component of the body’s immune system.
  2. VEIN: A vessel that carries deoxygenated fluid toward the heart from various parts of the body.
  3. HEMOSTASIS: The physiological process that causes bleeding to stop, meaning to keep fluid within a damaged vessel.
  4. CAPILLARIES: The smallest of the body’s vessels, which form networks throughout the body’s tissues for the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products.
  5. RIGHT ATRIUM: The upper-right chamber of the heart that receives deoxygenated fluid from the body through the vena cavae.
  6. ERYTHROCYTE: The medical term for a red blood cell, which contains hemoglobin and is responsible for transporting oxygen.
  7. TYPE O NEGATIVE: A classification for fluid that lacks A, B, and Rh antigens on its red blood cells, making it a universal donor type. (Note: This 8-letter answer, often written as TYPEONEG, fits the grid).
  8. ANTITHROMBIN: A small protein molecule that inactivates several enzymes of the coagulation system, thus inhibiting clotting. (Note: This 11-letter word fits the grid, whereas the more general “anticoagulant” does not).
  9. SINOATRIAL NODE: The heart’s natural pacemaker, a cluster of cells in the right atrium that generates the electrical impulses for contraction. (Note: “SINOATRIAL” is 10 letters, while the grid allows for 11).
  10. LEFT ATRIUM: The upper-left chamber of the heart that receives oxygenated fluid from the lungs via the pulmonary veins.
  11. INTRINSIC FACTOR: A substance secreted by the stomach that enables the body to absorb vitamin B12 from the gut.
  12. HEMOGLOBIN: The iron-containing protein in red blood cells that reversibly binds to and transports oxygen.
  13. ARTERY: A muscular-walled tube forming part of the circulation system by which fluid is conveyed from the heart to all parts of the body.
  14. PLASMA: The colorless fluid part of blood, lymph, or milk, in which corpuscles or fat globules are suspended.

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