+3 What is the charge on manganese (Mn) in the compound MnO2
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
The charge on manganese (Mn) in the compound manganese(IV) oxide (MnO₂) is +4.
To determine the oxidation state of manganese in MnO₂, the oxidation states of oxygen must be considered first. Oxygen typically has an oxidation state of -2 in most compounds. Since MnO₂ contains two oxygen atoms, the total oxidation contribution from oxygen is 2 × (-2) = -4.
In a neutral compound, the sum of all oxidation states must equal zero. Let x be the oxidation state of manganese. The equation representing this balance is:
x + (-4) = 0
Solving for x:
x = +4
Therefore, manganese in MnO₂ has an oxidation state of +4.
Understanding oxidation states is essential for predicting chemical behavior and reaction mechanisms. Manganese, as a transition metal, exhibits multiple oxidation states due to its ability to lose different numbers of electrons. It can be found in oxidation states ranging from +2 to +7, with +4 being common in manganese dioxide.
MnO₂ is an important compound in various applications, including batteries, catalysts, and oxidizing agents in chemical reactions. It plays a crucial role in redox reactions, where it can act as either an oxidizing or reducing agent depending on the conditions.
This method of determining oxidation states applies to many compounds, and recognizing the stability of different oxidation states helps in understanding the reactivity of transition metals. Mastery of oxidation state rules enhances comprehension of redox chemistry and electrochemical processes, which are fundamental in diverse scientific and industrial applications.
