Organization: Cell type: Unicellular Aggregate Colonial Multicellular Protist plant Animal Amoeba Plasmodium AbSea- EkEL N2 No Stentor BSent ALsent Arsen Abs Pat Eukaryotic No Al Scenedesmus pesach Pcse: lrcsent Presence no Elkiacki No Volvox Absent lcsen besent Kererorf (eukaryotic) No Spirogyra Absent pesen” Kred LEA LO Luladlel No Elodea Absent Present Rre Sent_ Desmid LO Eukaryotic No Cheek cell Met hesenh Ke E Pesem No Lo Present Unknown Yrsett Present uesen PESHKdlkxuulsy Present
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
1. (a) Which types of motility structures did you observe microscopically? (b) In which kingdom do the organisms with these motility structures occur?
Answer:
(a) The motility structures observed microscopically include flagella, cilia, and pseudopodia. For example, Amoeba moves using pseudopodia, Stentor uses cilia, and Volvox uses flagella.
(b) These motility structures occur in the Protist kingdom.
2. Compare and contrast plant cells and animal cells. (a) Describe two ways in which they are similar. (b) What characteristics can you use to distinguish a plant cell from an animal cell when observing it under a microscope?
Answer:
(a) Both plant and animal cells are eukaryotic, meaning they have a defined nucleus. Both types of cells also contain common organelles such as mitochondria and ribosomes, which are involved in energy production and protein synthesis.
(b) Plant cells can be distinguished by the presence of a cell wall, chloroplasts, and large central vacuoles. Animal cells, such as cheek cells, lack these structures but may show a more rounded shape and the presence of small vacuoles.
3. (a) What is the difference between a prepared slide and a wet mount? (b) State one benefit and one drawback to using a prepared slide.
Answer:
(a) A prepared slide is a permanent slide that has been fixed, stained, and sealed for long-term use. A wet mount is a temporary slide made by placing a drop of liquid specimen on the slide and covering it with a cover slip.
(b) One benefit of a prepared slide is that it allows for long-term storage and detailed examination of fixed structures. One drawback is that live movement cannot be observed since the specimen is no longer living.
Explanation
When observing microscopic organisms, different motility structures are seen. Pseudopodia are temporary extensions of the cell membrane and cytoplasm used by organisms like Amoeba for movement and capturing food. Cilia are tiny hair-like structures that beat rhythmically to propel organisms like Stentor through their environment. Flagella are long whip-like appendages used for movement, as seen in Volvox.
These organisms mostly belong to the Protist kingdom, which includes a variety of eukaryotic organisms that are not classified as plants, animals, or fungi. Their diversity is reflected in their cell structures and methods of locomotion.
Plant and animal cells share several features. Both possess a nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes, making them eukaryotic. However, plant cells contain structures that animal cells do not. The cell wall gives plant cells a rigid, rectangular shape, and chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis. Large central vacuoles store water and maintain turgor pressure in plant cells. Animal cells, such as cheek cells, are more rounded and lack these structures.
Prepared slides are beneficial for studying specific structures in detail because the specimen is preserved and stained to enhance visibility. This allows for repeated use and consistency in education and research. However, a major drawback is the inability to observe living processes, such as movement, since the cells are fixed and dead. Wet mounts allow observation of live specimens, but they are temporary and prone to drying out quickly.
