Hydrochloric acid is secreted into the stomach by __ cells. Oa. zymogenic Ob. parietal Oc. chief Od. beta
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
The correct answer is Ob. parietal.
Explanation:
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is secreted by parietal cells in the stomach lining. These cells are located primarily in the gastric glands, which are found within the mucosal layer of the stomach. Parietal cells play a crucial role in the digestive process by producing HCl, which serves several important functions in the stomach:
- Acidic Environment for Digestion: The hydrochloric acid lowers the pH of the stomach contents, which activates pepsinogen (an inactive enzyme precursor) to pepsin, an enzyme that helps break down proteins into smaller peptides.
- Protection Against Pathogens: The acidic environment also helps kill harmful microorganisms that may have been ingested with food, protecting the body from infections.
- Facilitates Nutrient Absorption: HCl helps to dissolve minerals such as calcium and magnesium, aiding in their absorption later in the digestive process.
- Activation of Intrinsic Factor: Parietal cells also produce intrinsic factor, a glycoprotein essential for the absorption of vitamin B12 in the small intestine.
To summarize, the parietal cells are responsible for secreting hydrochloric acid, contributing significantly to digestion and overall stomach function.
Incorrect Options:
- Oa. zymogenic cells (also known as chief cells) produce pepsinogen, which is converted into pepsin when activated by the acidic environment created by parietal cells.
- Oc. chief cells are responsible for the secretion of pepsinogen, not hydrochloric acid.
- Od. beta cells are located in the pancreas and are responsible for secreting insulin, which regulates blood glucose levels.
Thus, parietal cells are the correct answer when it comes to secreting hydrochloric acid into the stomach.
