Match the modes of transport to the molecules. Tiles: – carrier proteins – osmosis – active transport – simple diffusion – proteins from the Golgi apparatus Pairs: – oxygen – water molecule – charged amino acid – calcium moves from low concentration to high concentration – exocytosis
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
Here’s how the modes of transport pair with the molecules:
- Oxygen – Simple Diffusion
- Oxygen is a small, nonpolar molecule that can easily diffuse through the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane. This process doesn’t require energy and occurs from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. In simple diffusion, molecules move freely across the membrane without the need for assistance from transport proteins.
- Water Molecule – Osmosis
- Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. It’s a type of passive transport that doesn’t require energy. Water molecules are transported through the membrane via specialized channels known as aquaporins.
- Charged Amino Acid – Carrier Proteins
- Charged molecules like amino acids cannot easily pass through the lipid bilayer due to their charge. Carrier proteins help transport these molecules across the membrane by binding to the molecule on one side of the membrane, undergoing a conformational change, and releasing it on the other side. This process can be either passive (facilitated diffusion) or active, depending on whether energy is required.
- Calcium Moves from Low Concentration to High Concentration – Active Transport
- Active transport is the movement of molecules against their concentration gradient, from low to high concentration. This process requires energy, usually in the form of ATP. For example, the calcium pump moves calcium ions from areas of low concentration inside the cell to areas of high concentration outside the cell.
- Proteins from the Golgi Apparatus – Exocytosis
- Exocytosis is the process by which cells expel large molecules like proteins, which are often synthesized in the Golgi apparatus, from the inside of the cell to the extracellular space. This process requires energy and involves the vesicles containing the proteins fusing with the plasma membrane to release their contents.
Explanation:
- Simple Diffusion and osmosis are types of passive transport, meaning they don’t require energy.
- Active transport requires energy, usually to move substances against their concentration gradient.
- Carrier proteins are a type of transport protein that helps in both passive and active transport of molecules.
- Exocytosis is a process that allows cells to export large molecules or substances that cannot simply diffuse across the membrane.
