The secondary phloem and xylem cells produce the axial system. Group of answer choices True False
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is True.
The axial system in plants is formed primarily by the cells of the secondary phloem and xylem, which are produced by the vascular cambium. The vascular cambium is a type of lateral meristem that is responsible for the secondary growth in plants, particularly in woody plants. It produces secondary xylem (wood) toward the inside of the plant and secondary phloem toward the outside.
Secondary Phloem: The secondary phloem transports sugars and other nutrients throughout the plant. It consists of sieve elements, companion cells, fibers, and parenchyma. As the plant undergoes secondary growth, the vascular cambium produces new layers of phloem toward the outer side, contributing to the girth of the stem or trunk.
Secondary Xylem: The secondary xylem, also known as wood, is involved in water and mineral transport. It consists of tracheids, vessel elements, fibers, and parenchyma. Secondary xylem is produced inward from the vascular cambium, contributing to the growth in diameter of the stem or trunk.
The axial system refers to the arrangement of these tissues in a vertical direction, with the secondary phloem located on the outer side and the secondary xylem on the inner side of the vascular cambium. The cells of both tissues are aligned along the axis of the plant and work together to support the plant structurally while facilitating the movement of water, nutrients, and sugars.
As the plant ages, the axial system becomes more pronounced, and the vascular cambium continues to produce new layers of xylem and phloem, contributing to the plant’s overall growth and ability to transport substances.