During which episode of a bipolar disorder does the person demonstrate a distinct period of abnorrnally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood? O manic O depressive O mixed O delusional
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
The correct answer is manic.
In bipolar disorder, a manic episode is characterized by a distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood. This period must last at least one week (or less if hospitalization is required). During a manic episode, individuals often exhibit extreme behaviors and may feel unusually euphoric, energetic, or irritable. Other symptoms include inflated self-esteem, decreased need for sleep, increased talkativeness, racing thoughts, distractibility, and involvement in risky behaviors (such as excessive spending or reckless driving).
A manic episode can significantly impact daily functioning and may lead to severe consequences if left untreated. It often results in hospitalization to prevent harm to oneself or others. It’s also important to note that manic episodes can include psychotic features such as delusions or hallucinations, but the core of the episode is the abnormal mood.
Depressive episodes in bipolar disorder, in contrast, are characterized by periods of low mood, sadness, feelings of worthlessness, or a loss of interest or pleasure in activities.
A mixed episode involves symptoms of both mania and depression occurring simultaneously, which can be very distressing and confusing for the individual.
Delusional states are not specific to bipolar disorder but can occur during manic or psychotic episodes when the mood disturbances reach a severe level. However, the term “delusional” refers more to the presence of false beliefs, often seen in psychotic disorders or mood episodes with psychotic features.
Therefore, the most accurate answer is manic, as it specifically refers to the elevated, expansive, or irritable mood characteristic of this episode in bipolar disorder.
