Write the molecular/chemical reaction of calcium carbonate with acetic acid and the net ionic equation.
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
When calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) reacts with acetic acid (CH₃COOH), it undergoes a double displacement reaction where calcium acetate (Ca(CH₃COO)₂), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and water (H₂O) are produced. The reaction is as follows:
Molecular equation:
CaCO3(s)+2CH3COOH(aq)→Ca(CH3COO)2(aq)+CO2(g)+H2O(l)\text{CaCO}_3 (s) + 2 \text{CH}_3\text{COOH} (aq) \rightarrow \text{Ca(CH}_3\text{COO)}_2 (aq) + \text{CO}_2 (g) + \text{H}_2\text{O} (l)CaCO3(s)+2CH3COOH(aq)→Ca(CH3COO)2(aq)+CO2(g)+H2O(l)
Explanation:
- Calcium Carbonate (CaCO₃) is a solid substance, and acetic acid (CH₃COOH) is an aqueous solution.
- In this reaction, acetic acid donates protons (H⁺), which react with the carbonate ions (CO₃²⁻) from calcium carbonate.
- The reaction produces calcium acetate (Ca(CH₃COO)₂), which is soluble in water and dissociates into calcium ions (Ca²⁺) and acetate ions (CH₃COO⁻).
- Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is released as a gas, and water (H₂O) is formed as a byproduct.
Net Ionic Equation:
To write the net ionic equation, we first separate the aqueous compounds into their ions. The full ionic equation involves dissociation of calcium acetate into calcium and acetate ions, but we omit the spectator ions from both sides.
Full ionic equation:
CaCO3(s)+2H+(aq)+2CH3COO−(aq)→Ca2+(aq)+2CH3COO−(aq)+CO2(g)+H2O(l)\text{CaCO}_3 (s) + 2 \text{H}^+ (aq) + 2 \text{CH}_3\text{COO}^- (aq) \rightarrow \text{Ca}^{2+} (aq) + 2 \text{CH}_3\text{COO}^- (aq) + \text{CO}_2 (g) + \text{H}_2\text{O} (l)CaCO3(s)+2H+(aq)+2CH3COO−(aq)→Ca2+(aq)+2CH3COO−(aq)+CO2(g)+H2O(l)
Net ionic equation:
CaCO3(s)+2H+(aq)→Ca2+(aq)+CO2(g)+H2O(l)\text{CaCO}_3 (s) + 2 \text{H}^+ (aq) \rightarrow \text{Ca}^{2+} (aq) + \text{CO}_2 (g) + \text{H}_2\text{O} (l)CaCO3(s)+2H+(aq)→Ca2+(aq)+CO2(g)+H2O(l)
Summary:
The reaction between calcium carbonate and acetic acid produces calcium acetate, carbon dioxide gas, and water. The net ionic equation shows that calcium carbonate reacts with hydrogen ions to produce calcium ions, carbon dioxide, and water, with acetate ions being spectator ions in the solution. This reaction is commonly observed in processes like the dissolution of chalk or marble in vinegar.
