According to Dewey, how should problems be approached in education?
A. As opportunities for memorization B. As isolated incidents C. As chances for critical thinking and problem-solving D. As reasons for strict discipline
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is C. As chances for critical thinking and problem-solving.
John Dewey, a prominent American philosopher and educational reformer, believed that education should not be focused solely on memorization or rigid discipline. He argued that students should be encouraged to actively engage with problems, view them as opportunities for exploration, and think critically to find solutions. Dewey’s educational philosophy emphasized the importance of experience and reflection in learning.
According to Dewey, problems in education should be approached as opportunities for students to develop their critical thinking skills. He believed that learning occurs most effectively when students are faced with real-world issues that require them to think analytically and solve problems. Dewey’s view contrasts with traditional educational methods that often rely on rote memorization and passive learning. He felt that students should not be mere recipients of information, but active participants in the learning process.
Dewey’s approach is rooted in the belief that education is not about simply transmitting knowledge but about cultivating the ability to think, inquire, and reflect. He saw problem-solving as a dynamic process that involves curiosity, investigation, and application of knowledge in different contexts. This method, referred to as experiential learning, encourages students to connect their learning to real-life situations, making education more meaningful and relevant.
By prioritizing critical thinking and problem-solving, Dewey aimed to foster independent thinkers who could adapt to changing environments and contribute to society. His approach has had a lasting influence on modern educational theories and practices, particularly in progressive education systems where student-centered learning and problem-based approaches are emphasized.