What is the product of DNA transcription?
A DNA
B RNA
C Protein
D all of the above
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is B: RNA.
Explanation:
DNA transcription is the process by which an RNA molecule is synthesized from a DNA template. This process is crucial for gene expression and occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells or the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells.
During transcription, the enzyme RNA polymerase binds to a specific region of the DNA called the promoter. The DNA double helix unwinds, and RNA polymerase begins synthesizing a complementary RNA strand using one of the DNA strands as a template. This RNA strand is called the messenger RNA (mRNA), and it carries the genetic information from the DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.
The steps of transcription are as follows:
- Initiation: RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region of the DNA.
- Elongation: RNA polymerase moves along the DNA template strand, synthesizing the RNA strand in the 5′ to 3′ direction.
- Termination: When RNA polymerase reaches a terminator sequence, transcription stops, and the RNA molecule is released.
This RNA molecule is a copy of the gene sequence and is complementary to the DNA template strand, except that in RNA, uracil (U) replaces thymine (T). The RNA transcript then undergoes additional processing (such as splicing) in eukaryotes before it can be used for translation into protein.
The end product of DNA transcription is RNA, which includes mRNA, ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA). These types of RNA play vital roles in the synthesis of proteins, but the direct product of transcription itself is always RNA.