Explain sagittal view of upper respiratory system
The correct answer and explanation is:
The sagittal view of the upper respiratory system provides a side profile of the key anatomical structures involved in the intake, filtering, and passage of air. Here’s an explanation of the labeled structures:
- Nasal Cavity: Located at the top of the image, the nasal cavity is the first point of contact for inhaled air. It serves to filter, warm, and humidify the air before it passes further into the respiratory system. The mucous membranes in the nasal cavity trap dust, pathogens, and other particles to prevent them from entering the lungs.
- Oral Cavity: This is the mouth area, located just below the nasal cavity. The oral cavity serves as an alternative pathway for air to enter the respiratory system, especially when nasal breathing is restricted. It is also involved in the process of chewing and swallowing food.
- Pharynx: The pharynx is a muscular tube that connects the nasal and oral cavities to the larynx. It is divided into three regions: the nasopharynx (behind the nasal cavity), the oropharynx (behind the mouth), and the laryngopharynx (leading to the larynx). The pharynx allows for the passage of both air and food, and also plays a role in vocalization.
- Larynx: Commonly known as the voice box, the larynx is located at the top of the trachea. It houses the vocal cords and is responsible for producing sound. The larynx also serves as a protective mechanism for the airway, preventing food and liquids from entering the trachea during swallowing.
- Trachea: Also known as the windpipe, the trachea is a rigid tube that conducts air from the larynx down into the lungs. It is lined with ciliated cells and mucus to trap and remove particles before the air reaches the lungs.
These structures work together to ensure that air is properly filtered, warmed, and humidified as it travels to the lungs for gas exchange. They also provide pathways for the food and liquid to travel down to the esophagus, preventing choking.