Patients experiencing hypoglycemia can be given by the first aider:
A. Insulin
B. Glucagon
C. Oral glucose
D. Charcoal
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is C. Oral glucose.
Explanation:
Hypoglycemia refers to a condition where the blood sugar levels drop below normal, often caused by skipping meals, excessive insulin intake, or intense physical activity. It is a medical emergency that can lead to symptoms like dizziness, confusion, shaking, sweating, and, if left untreated, unconsciousness or seizures.
The primary treatment for hypoglycemia is to raise the blood glucose level quickly and safely. Oral glucose is the most common method for first aid because it is simple, effective, and accessible. It can be given in the form of glucose tablets, sugary drinks, or any fast-acting carbohydrate like fruit juice. This allows the body to rapidly absorb sugar into the bloodstream, correcting the hypoglycemia and relieving symptoms.
- Insulin (A) is used to lower blood sugar levels, not raise them. Therefore, insulin is not appropriate in cases of hypoglycemia. Administering insulin could make the condition worse.
- Glucagon (B) is a hormone that can raise blood sugar levels, but it is typically used in more severe cases where the person is unconscious or unable to swallow. It is usually injected or given via an emergency medical professional. It is not the first step for a conscious person.
- Charcoal (D) is used in cases of poisoning, not for treating hypoglycemia. It does not have any effect on blood sugar levels.
In situations where the patient is conscious and can swallow, giving oral glucose is the most immediate and safest course of action. If the person cannot swallow or is unconscious, an injection of glucagon may be necessary, and emergency medical services should be contacted immediately.