Filtration is a process that requires ATP is active and requires ATP is passive
The correct answer and explanation is:
Filtration is a passive process and does not require ATP. It occurs when substances move across a membrane due to pressure differences, from an area of high pressure to low pressure, without the need for energy input. This process primarily happens in the kidneys, where blood pressure forces water and small molecules (like ions, glucose, and waste products) from the blood into the renal tubules, forming the filtrate.
In filtration, substances do not need energy for movement, as they rely on the natural gradient created by pressure differences. This contrasts with active transport, which requires energy to move substances against a concentration gradient.
The kidneys play a vital role in filtering the blood, removing waste, and maintaining homeostasis. The filtration process occurs in the glomerulus, a network of tiny capillaries in the kidney, where blood pressure forces water and solutes through the semi-permeable membrane into the Bowman’s capsule. Larger molecules, such as proteins and blood cells, are too large to pass through and remain in the blood.
While filtration is passive, it is essential for removing waste from the bloodstream. After filtration, the process continues with reabsorption, where useful substances like glucose and water are taken back into the bloodstream, and secretion, where additional wastes are added to the filtrate.
Understanding the role of filtration in the body is crucial in understanding how organs like the kidneys maintain a balance of fluid and electrolytes. Filtration operates effectively due to the natural forces of pressure, and without the need for ATP, it is one of the simplest and most energy-efficient processes in biological systems.