Which one of the following statements about mycoplasma pneumonia is true?
A The infection can be treated with tetracyclines.
B The causative agent is a virus. Annual vaccination can prevent infection.
C The causative agent cannot be cultured.
D The symptoms resemble pneumococcal pneumonia.
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is A: The infection can be treated with tetracyclines.
Explanation:
Mycoplasma pneumonia is a type of bacterial infection caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Unlike typical bacterial pathogens, Mycoplasma pneumoniae lacks a cell wall, making it resistant to antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis, such as penicillins. However, antibiotics like tetracyclines, macrolides (e.g., azithromycin), and fluoroquinolones are effective against this infection. These antibiotics target the bacteria’s protein synthesis, making them useful for treatment.
Option B is incorrect because the causative agent of mycoplasma pneumonia is a bacterium, not a virus, and there is no vaccine available to prevent infection. Vaccines are typically available for bacterial pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, but not for Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
Option C is incorrect because although Mycoplasma pneumoniae is difficult to culture using standard laboratory techniques due to its lack of a cell wall and unique growth requirements, it can still be cultured using specialized media and conditions. Diagnosis is often confirmed through serology or PCR testing rather than culture alone.
Option D is also incorrect. While the symptoms of mycoplasma pneumonia can resemble those of other types of pneumonia, such as pneumococcal pneumonia, they tend to be milder. Pneumococcal pneumonia, caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, is typically more severe and often results in high fever, chills, and productive cough. In contrast, mycoplasma pneumonia often presents with a dry, non-productive cough, fever, and mild respiratory distress. The illness is commonly referred to as “walking pneumonia” because many individuals are able to function despite their symptoms.
In summary, mycoplasma pneumonia can be treated with tetracyclines, but it requires specific treatment due to the unique characteristics of the causative bacteria.