What did you have to add to the monomers to make this reaction occur?
The correct answer and explanation is:
To initiate the reaction of monomers, a catalyst or a chemical reagent is usually added to facilitate the polymerization process. For example, in a typical polymerization reaction like addition polymerization, a free radical, catalyst, or an initiator is often used. The role of the catalyst or initiator is to start the reaction by breaking the double bond of the monomer, allowing it to react with another monomer to form a chain.
In condensation polymerization, a molecule such as water or methanol is often eliminated as the polymer forms. This process involves linking monomers together by the removal of a small molecule, typically a water molecule. To make this process occur, catalysts like acids or bases are usually added to speed up the reaction.
For example, in the case of nylon synthesis, a diamine and a diacid chloride react in the presence of a heat source or catalyst. The chemical reaction releases water molecules and leads to the formation of long-chain polymers.
Adding heat or using a solvent can also help the monomers overcome their activation energy barrier, making it easier for the monomers to react with one another. The solvent helps in dissolving the monomers, allowing them to align in such a way that the polymerization reaction can proceed smoothly.
In summary, catalysts, heat, or solvents are the key components added to initiate polymerization reactions. These elements are essential in ensuring the monomers undergo the necessary chemical transformations to form a polymer chain.