How do we call the change of phase liquid to gas?
Freezing
Condensation.
Evaporation
Melting
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is Evaporation.
Evaporation is the process where a liquid changes to a gas at temperatures below its boiling point. This phase change occurs at the surface of the liquid, where molecules gain enough energy to overcome intermolecular forces and escape into the air as gas. The energy required for evaporation usually comes from the surrounding environment, such as heat from the sun or a warm surface.
Evaporation can happen at any temperature, as long as the liquid is exposed to air. For instance, water can evaporate from a puddle even at room temperature. The rate of evaporation is influenced by factors like temperature, humidity, surface area, and air movement. Higher temperatures increase the kinetic energy of the liquid molecules, leading to faster evaporation. Similarly, low humidity allows for more evaporation, as the air is not saturated with moisture.
Evaporation is different from boiling, which is another form of phase change from liquid to gas. While boiling occurs throughout the liquid and at a specific temperature (the boiling point), evaporation occurs only at the surface and can happen at various temperatures.
In contrast, freezing refers to the transition from liquid to solid, and condensation is the reverse of evaporation, where a gas turns into a liquid. Melting is the transition from solid to liquid, which is the opposite of freezing.
Understanding phase changes like evaporation is essential in various scientific fields, from meteorology, where it explains how water vapor forms clouds, to everyday activities like drying clothes or cooking.