As a person's BMI increases above 25, so does the risk of
A) infectious diseases. B) acute diseases. C) nutrient deficiencies. D) chronic diseases.
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is D) chronic diseases.
As a person’s BMI increases above 25, their risk of developing chronic diseases also increases. Body mass index (BMI) is a measurement based on a person’s weight relative to their height. A BMI above 25 is categorized as overweight, while a BMI above 30 is considered obese. Both of these categories are associated with an increased risk for a variety of chronic health conditions, including heart disease, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, certain types of cancer, and sleep apnea.
Excess body weight, especially when concentrated around the abdomen, can lead to various metabolic changes in the body. These include increased levels of inflammatory markers, higher blood pressure, and insulin resistance, all of which are key contributors to the development of chronic diseases. For example, obesity can lead to type 2 diabetes, where the body becomes resistant to insulin. This condition can significantly damage organs and increase the risk of heart disease, kidney failure, and other complications.
Moreover, the risk of cardiovascular disease is heightened because excess fat leads to higher cholesterol levels, increased blood pressure, and a greater likelihood of forming arterial plaque. The added strain on the heart and blood vessels can lead to strokes and heart attacks. Similarly, obesity contributes to conditions like osteoarthritis, as excess weight places additional pressure on joints, particularly the knees, hips, and lower back.
While being overweight or obese does not necessarily guarantee that a person will develop these conditions, it significantly raises the likelihood, especially when combined with other factors like poor diet, physical inactivity, and genetics. It’s important for individuals with a high BMI to manage their weight to reduce the risk of these long-term health issues.