An individual is infected with a parasite. Which immunoglobulin (Ig) will be most elevated during review of the laboratory results? O IgD O IgG O IgE O IgA
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
The correct answer is IgE.
IgE is the immunoglobulin most commonly associated with allergic reactions and parasitic infections. In the context of a parasitic infection, particularly helminthic (worm) or protozoal infections, IgE plays a crucial role in the body’s immune response. When a parasitic infection occurs, the immune system recognizes the parasite as a foreign invader and activates a series of immune responses, including the production of IgE antibodies.
IgE antibodies bind to the surface of mast cells and basophils, which are types of white blood cells involved in inflammatory responses. When the parasite is encountered again, the IgE on these cells triggers the release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators. This process helps recruit additional immune cells to the site of infection, where they can combat the parasite.
In addition to their role in fighting parasitic infections, elevated IgE levels are also characteristic of allergic conditions such as asthma, hay fever, and eczema. However, the elevation of IgE during parasitic infections is specific to the response against the parasite and is not a general marker for all immune responses.
To summarize:
- IgE is elevated during parasitic infections, as it mediates the immune system’s response against these invaders.
- IgG is the most abundant antibody in the blood and is typically involved in responses to bacterial and viral infections, rather than parasitic infections.
- IgA is primarily found in mucosal areas, like the respiratory and digestive systems, and protects against pathogens at these sites.
- IgD has a minor role in the immune system and is typically found in the respiratory tract and lymphoid organs.
Thus, the most elevated immunoglobulin during a parasitic infection is IgE.
