[Co(NH3)4CO3] + NH3 + 3HCl = [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 + H2O + CO2 + HNO3 (aq), the balanced equation which results in the new compound Tetra ammineaqua chloride cobalt (III) ion, [Co(NH3)4(OH2)Cl]2+
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
The reaction you’re describing involves a cobalt complex, and it appears to be a substitution reaction where certain ligands in the coordination sphere of cobalt are replaced. Let’s break down the process:
- Starting Complex:
The initial complex is [Co(NH3)4CO3], which consists of a cobalt(III) ion coordinated to four ammonia (NH3) molecules and one carbonate (CO3^2-) ligand. - Reaction with NH3 and HCl:
The reaction introduces ammonia (NH3) and hydrochloric acid (HCl). The ammonia acts as a ligand that could replace the carbonate ion in the coordination sphere of cobalt. The chloride ions (Cl-) from HCl could also help in the substitution process. Essentially, the CO3^2- ligand is replaced by Cl-. The acid (HCl) provides the H+ ions needed to break the carbonate bond, and in the process, CO2 and H2O are released. Ammonia molecules coordinate to the cobalt center in place of the carbonate. The resulting complex is [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2. - Formation of the New Compound:
Now, for the formation of the new compound [Co(NH3)4(OH2)Cl]2+ (tetra ammine aqua chloride cobalt(III) ion), it’s likely that the reaction continues further, where one of the ammonia molecules is replaced by a water molecule (H2O), forming the aqua ligand (OH2) in place of one of the ammonia ligands. This substitution is driven by the properties of the ligands and the environment in which the reaction occurs, particularly the availability of water molecules. The resulting complex, [Co(NH3)4(OH2)Cl]2+, is a cation with a central cobalt ion, four ammonia molecules, one chloride ion, and one water molecule bound to it. - Overall Summary of the Reaction:
- [Co(NH3)4CO3] reacts with NH3 and HCl.
- Carbonate is replaced by chloride, forming [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2.
- Further substitution results in the formation of [Co(NH3)4(OH2)Cl]2+, a tetra ammine aqua chloride cobalt(III) ion.
This complex formation involves ligand exchange, with ammonia and water molecules replacing the original ligands. The reaction is a good example of how cobalt(III) complexes are involved in ligand substitution reactions, resulting in the formation of new coordination compounds with distinct geometries and properties.
