How does Evans try to explain the existence of economic inequality in a country of political democracy?
The correct answer and explanation is:
Evans explains the existence of economic inequality in a country of political democracy by highlighting the tension between political equality and economic inequality. In democratic systems, political equality is fundamental, ensuring that each person has an equal voice in the electoral process, meaning every citizen has the same voting power. However, this political equality does not necessarily extend to the economic sphere. Economic inequality persists because of the differences in wealth, income, and access to resources that exist within a democratic society.
Evans argues that the political system is designed to maintain a level of fairness in the distribution of political power, but it is not structured to directly address the disparities in wealth and resources that create economic inequality. The economic system, often shaped by capitalism, inherently produces unequal outcomes because individuals and groups possess varying levels of resources, education, and opportunities. While democratic policies might focus on reducing the most extreme forms of inequality, such as through social welfare programs or progressive taxation, the deeper structural forces of the economy, such as market competition, globalization, and technological change, perpetuate the gaps in income and wealth.
Additionally, Evans suggests that political democracy alone is not enough to eliminate economic inequality because the political system may be influenced by wealthy elites who hold disproportionate power and influence. These elites can shape policies in their favor, reinforcing their economic advantages and contributing to further inequality. Political democracy might offer a framework for addressing inequality, but without substantial reforms in the economic system and the redistribution of wealth, significant disparities will continue to exist.