What is the chemical name for SnO2?
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
The chemical name for SnO2 is tin(IV) oxide.
Explanation:
Tin(IV) oxide is a chemical compound composed of tin (Sn) and oxygen (O), where tin has an oxidation state of +4, and oxygen is in its usual -2 oxidation state. The oxidation state of tin is indicated by the Roman numeral IV in parentheses. This naming convention follows the IUPAC rules, which specify that metals with multiple oxidation states should be identified by the appropriate Roman numeral.
In SnO2, each tin atom bonds with two oxygen atoms. The structure of tin(IV) oxide consists of a network of SnO6 octahedra, where each tin atom is surrounded by six oxygen atoms in a regular octahedral arrangement. The compound is an important material in various applications due to its properties, such as its high thermal stability and semiconductor characteristics.
Occurrence and Uses:
Tin(IV) oxide is often found in nature as the mineral cassiterite, which is the primary ore of tin. It is primarily used in the production of tin metal, particularly through the extraction of tin from cassiterite by reduction with carbon. Additionally, SnO2 is a key material in the production of ceramics and glass, where it is used to enhance the transparency and durability of these materials.
Tin(IV) oxide also serves as a transparent conducting oxide in some electronic applications, such as in solar cells and light-emitting devices. It is used as a catalyst in chemical reactions and as a component in gas sensors due to its semiconductor properties. The compound is also a common ingredient in toothpaste formulations because of its ability to reduce staining of teeth and its mild abrasive properties.
Properties:
- Appearance: White or colorless powder
- Solubility: Insoluble in water
- Melting Point: Approximately 1,630°C (2,970°F)
Overall, tin(IV) oxide is a versatile compound with several industrial, scientific, and consumer product applications.
