An older adult patient who regularly comes to the clinic is known to have difficult veins that are more likely to roll or collapse with needle insertion during phlebotomy procedures. Which venipuncture method would the medical assistant avoid?
A Butterfly
B Capillary stick
Evacuated tube
D Syringe
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is D Syringe.
Explanation:
In this case, the patient has difficult veins that are more likely to roll or collapse, which can make venipuncture procedures challenging. A syringe is typically used when more control over the blood draw is necessary, especially when veins are fragile. This method involves using a plunger to create a vacuum, which can cause an increase in pressure during the draw. In patients with difficult veins, this added pressure can cause veins to collapse, making the procedure more painful and risky.
Why avoid a syringe method?
When using a syringe, there is a risk of excessive negative pressure being applied, which may collapse small or fragile veins. The suction created by the syringe may be too forceful for veins that are already compromised or prone to collapse, leading to unsuccessful attempts or hematomas. Furthermore, using a syringe often requires more skill and experience to ensure the blood is collected without damaging the vein.
Other options:
- A Butterfly: This is a good choice for patients with small or rolling veins. The butterfly needle provides better control and less pressure during the draw, making it less likely to cause vein collapse. It is specifically designed for use in difficult venipuncture situations, such as with fragile veins or veins that roll easily.
- B Capillary Stick: While a capillary stick is less invasive and used for smaller samples (e.g., for blood glucose testing), it may not be appropriate if a larger blood sample is needed. It is also typically used when veins are not accessible or difficult to locate.
- C Evacuated Tube: This method uses a vacuum system and is generally used for routine blood draws from larger veins. It is relatively less likely to cause collapse in healthy veins, but for patients with difficult veins, it could be less preferable compared to a butterfly needle or capillary stick.
In summary, the syringe method should be avoided in this scenario due to the risk of excessive pressure that could lead to vein collapse. A butterfly needle would be a safer, more effective choice for patients with challenging veins.