The ideal gas law combines Boyle’s law, Charles’s law, Gay-Lussac’s law, and what other law?
Dalton’s law
Graham’s law
Raoult’s law
Avogadro’s law
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is Avogadro’s law.
The ideal gas law is a fundamental equation that relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and the number of moles of a gas. It is derived by combining several individual gas laws. The laws that contribute to the ideal gas law include Boyle’s law, Charles’s law, Gay-Lussac’s law, and Avogadro’s law.
- Boyle’s Law states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume at constant temperature (P ∝ 1/V).
- Charles’s Law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature when pressure is held constant (V ∝ T).
- Gay-Lussac’s Law states that the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature when volume is held constant (P ∝ T).
- Avogadro’s Law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of gas when pressure and temperature are constant (V ∝ n).
When these laws are combined, they form the ideal gas law:
PV=nRTPV = nRT
Where:
- P is the pressure of the gas,
- V is the volume,
- n is the number of moles of gas,
- R is the ideal gas constant, and
- T is the temperature in Kelvin.
The ideal gas law assumes that gases behave ideally under certain conditions, meaning their particles do not interact and occupy no volume. While it is a good approximation for many gases, real gases may deviate from ideal behavior at high pressures or low temperatures.
Avogadro’s law is essential because it connects the number of molecules to the volume, helping to form a complete relationship for gases. It emphasizes that, at constant temperature and pressure, the volume of gas is directly proportional to the number of moles.