The correct answer and explanation is:
Based on the provided image, here are the correct answers and a detailed explanation.
Correct Answers
- Question 1: B. Ocean
- Question 2: A. El Niño
- Question 4: A. Cool
- Question 5: B. Heavy rainfall
- Question 10: A. Death
Explanation
The questions cover topics in meteorology and climatology, specifically focusing on large scale weather phenomena and their impacts.
For Question 1, monsoon winds are a seasonal phenomenon driven by the differential heating of land and sea. This process originates over the vast equatorial ocean surfaces. The sun’s energy heats the water, which in turn heats the air above it, creating the large pressure systems that drive these powerful, seasonal winds. Therefore, the ocean is the correct origin point.
For Question 2, this is a reading comprehension question about a specific text. However, given the context of the other questions, it is highly likely that the chapter discusses the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle. El Niño is a major and widely studied climate pattern that causes significant disruptions to global weather. It is often presented as a primary example or main cause of climate variability, making it the most logical answer.
For Question 4, the question directly contrasts the El Niño and La Niña phenomena. El Niño is characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the Equatorial Pacific. La Niña is its counterpart, defined by unusually cool ocean temperatures in the same region. These temperature changes are what drive the diverse weather conditions around the world.
For Question 5, the question asks about the specific effects of La Niña in the Philippines. For Southeast Asia, La Niña typically amplifies normal weather patterns, which means stronger monsoons and increased precipitation. This results in heavy rainfall, which is the direct cause of the widespread flooding and landslides mentioned in the question.
Finally, Question 10 presents a definition. The phrase “widespread suspension of all life’s activities” is an absolute statement. Among the choices provided, Death is the most literal and complete match for this definition, as it represents the total and permanent cessation of all biological functions and activities.
