Assess the 6 rights of medication administration:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Medication Administration: techniques of administration:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Magnesium Sulfate: Antidote
Calcium Gluconate<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Cholinergic Medications (Myesthenic Bradycardia): Antidote
\u2022Atropine<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Methotrexate: Antidote
Leucorvorin<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Generic Name: Acetaminophen (Tylenol): Medication category, purpose, side effects, and nursing considerations
Generic Name: Acetaminophen (Tylenol):
Medication Category: Analgesics, Nonopioid Analgesics
Purpose:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Generic Name: Codeine: Medication category, purpose, side effects, and nursing considerations
Generic Name: Codeine
Medication Category: Analgesics, Opioid Analgesics
Purpose: Treatment of moderate to severe pain, nonproductive cough
Side Effects:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Generic Name: Diclofenac (Voltaren): Medication category, purpose, side effects, and nursing considerations
Generic Name: Diclofenac (Voltaren)
Medication Category: Musculoskeletal Medications, Nonsalicylate NSAIDS, Antirheumatics
Purpose: Used in arthritic conditions, dysmenorrhea
Side Effects:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Digoxin’s Therapeutic Range:
0.5-2 mg<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Generic Name: Digoxin (Lanoxin): Medication category, purpose, side effects, and nursing considerations
Generic Name: Digoxin (Lanoxin)
Medication Category: Cardiovascular Medications, Digitalis Glycosides
Purpose: Used in treatment of CHF; atrial fibrillation\/flutter, or tachycardia<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Generic Name: Heparin: Medication category, purpose, side effects, and nursing considerations
Generic Name: Heparin
Medication Category: Anticoagulants
Purpose: Prophylaxis and treatment of thromboembolic disorders in very low doses (10-100 units) to maintain patency of IV catheters (heparin flush)
Side Effects:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Generic Name: Lisinopril (Prinvil, Zestril): Medication category, purpose, side effects, and nursing considerations
Generic Name: Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril)
Medication Category: Cardiovascular Medications, ACE Inhibitors
Purpose: Treatment of mild to moderate hypertension, systolic CHF, acute MI
Side Effects:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Signs of Digitalis toxicity:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Generic Name: Omeprazole (Prilosec): Medication category, purpose, side effects, and nursing considerations
Generic Name: Omeprazole (Prilosec)
Medication Category: Gastrointestinal Medications, Antisecretory
Purpose: Treatment of active duodenal ulcers
Side Effects:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Generic Name: Phenytoin (Dilantin): Medication category, purpose, side effects, and nursing considerations<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Generic Name: Propanolol (Inderal): Medication category, purpose, side effects, and nursing considerations<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Generic Name: Spironolactone (Aldactone): Medication category, purpose, side effects, and nursing considerations<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Generic Name: Tamoxifen: Medication category, purpose, side effects, and nursing considerations<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Generic Name: Vancomycin (Vancocin): Medication category, purpose, side effects, and nursing considerations<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Generic Name: Warfarin (Coumadin): Medication category, purpose, side effects, and nursing considerations<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Generic Name: Ranitidine (Zantac): Medication category, purpose, side effects, and nursing considerations<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Generic Name: Risedronate (Actonel): Medication category, purpose, side effects, and nursing considerations<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Commonalities in Medication Classification Names: Androgens: Most names end with -terone (e.g., testosterone).
Androgens<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Most names end with -pril (e.g., enalapril).
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Most names end in -pressin (e.g., desmopressin).
Antidiuretic hormones:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Many end with -statin (e.g., atorvastatin).
Antilipemic medications:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Most contain vir (e.g., acyclovir).
\u2022Antiviral medications<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Although this class includes medications such as alprazolam and chlordiazepoxide, most names such as diazepam end in -pam. (Another tip for identifying a benzodiazepine: The name includes a vowel-z-vowel combination.)
\u2022Benzodiazepines<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Most names end with -lol (e.g., atenolol).
\u2022Beta-adrenergic blockers:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Most names end in -pine (e.g., amiodipine); exceptions include diltiazem and verapamil.
\u2022Calcium channel blockers<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Most names end in -mide (e.g., dorzolamide). These medications are used to treat glaucoma.
\u2022Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Most names contain -est (e.g., estradiol or conjugated estrogen).
\u2022Estrogens:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Most names end in -sone (e.g., prednisone<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Histamine H2 receptor antagonists
Most names end in -dine (e.g., cimetidine).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Most names contain nitr (e.g., nitroglycerin).
\u2022Nitrates<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Most names contain pancre (e.g., pancrealipase).
\u2022Pancreatic enzyme replacements<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Most names end in -zole (e.g., lansoprazole).
\u2022Proton pump inhibitors<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Most names include sulf (e.g., sulfasalazine).
\u2022Sulfonamides<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Most names end in -ide (e.g., glipizide). These medications are used to treat diabetes mellitus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Most names end in -zide (e.g., hydrochlorothiazide).
\u2022Thiazide diuretics<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Most names include -ase (e.g., alteplase).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Most names contain thy (e.g., levothyroxine).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Most names end in -line (e.g., theophylline).
\u2022Xanthine bronchodilators<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Lithium’s therapeutic index
0.6-1.2 MEQ\/L<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Signs of lithium toxicity
Nausea, vomiting, ataxia, and tremors<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Atypical (second-generation) antipsychotic medications (eg, risperidone [Risperdal], quetiapine [Seroquel], olanzapine [Zyprexa]) are used in the treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other mental health disorders. The nurse should teach clients and caregivers about potential side effects of antipsychotic medications. Key teaching points include:
-Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) include akathisia (restlessness, fidgeting) and Parkinsonism (tremors, shuffling gait)
-These specific symptoms are important to watch for, as EPS is easily mistaken for agitation or negative schizophrenic symptoms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-Fever and muscle rigidity may indicate neuroleptic malignant syndrome, a potentially fatal condition requiring emergent intervention .<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-Clients may experience anticholinergic effects (eg, dry mouth, constipation).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-Clients should change positions slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-Sedating effects (eg, drowsiness, hypersomnia [excessive sleeping]) are common.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-Symptoms are evaluated on an individual basis, and most minor symptoms can be managed with a decrease in dosage or change in medication. The health care provider may prescribe medications to treat EPS (eg, benzodiazepines, diphenhydramine<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Generic Name: Magnesium Sulfate: Medication category, purpose, side effects, and nursing considerations
Generic Name: Magnesium Sulfate
Medication category:
-CNS depressant
Purpose:
-Stopping preterm labor to prevent pre term birth.
-Preventing and controlling seizures in preeclamptic and eclamptic clients.
Side effects:
-Maternal: Depressed respirations, depressed DTRs. hypotension, extreme muscle weakness, flushing, decreased urine output, pulmonary edema, serum magnesium levels > 7.5 mEq\/L
-Newborn: Hypotonia and sleepiness
Nursing considerations:
-Magnesium sulfate can cause respiratory depression, depressed reflexes, flushing, hypotension, extreme muscle weakness, decreased urine output, pulmonary edema, and elevated serum magnesium levels.
-Continuous IV infusion increases the risk of magnesium toxicity in the newborn
-IV administration should not be used for 2 hours preceding birth.
-Magnesium sulfate may be prescribed for the first 12 to 24 hours postpartum if it is used for preeclampsia
-High doses can cause loss of deep tendon reflexes, heart block, respiratory paralysis, and cardiac arrest.
-The medication is contraindicated in clients with heart block, myocardial damage, or kidney failure
-The medication is used with caution in clients with kidney impairment<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Generic Name: Nifedipine, Medication category, purpose, side effects, and nursing considerations
Generic Name: Nifedipine
Medication category:
-Calcium Channel Blocker
Purpose:
-Relaxes smooth muscles, including the uterus, by blocking calcium entry; in some healthcare agencies, this may be the first-line agent to halt preterm labor contractions
Side effects:
-Maternal: Tachycardia, hypotension, dizziness, headache, nervousness, facial flushing, fatigue, nausea
-Newborn: Hypotension
Nursing considerations:
-Follow agency protocol for administration
-Use with magnesium sulfate is avoided because severe hypotension can occur
-Monitor for adverse effects<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Generic Name: Betamethasone and Dexamethasone: Medication category, purpose, side effects, and nursing considerations
Generic Name: Betamethasone & Dexamethasone
Medication category:
-Corticosteroids
Purpose:
-Corticosteroids that increase the production of surfactant to accelerate fetal lung maturity and reduce the incidence or severity of respiratory distress syndrome
-For a client in preterm labor between 28 and 32 weeks gestation whose labor can be inhibited for 48 hours without jeopardizing the mother or fetus
Side effects:
-May decrease the mother’s resistance to infection
-Pulmonary edema secondary to sodium and fluid retention can occur.
-Elevated blood glucose levels can occur in a client with diabetes mellitus
Nursing considerations:
-Monitor maternal vital signs and lung sounds, and for edema
-Monitor mother for signs of infection
-Monitor white blood cell count
-Monitor blood glucose levels
-Administer by deep intramuscular injection<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Generic Name: Hydromorphone hydrochloride and Meperidine hydrochloride, Fentanyl and Sufentanil, & Butorphanol tartrate and Nalbuphine, Medication category: Opioid Analgesics, purpose, side effects, and nursing considerations
Generic Name (s):
-Hydromorphone hydrochloride and Meperidine hydrochloride, Fentanyl and Sufentanil, & Butorphanol tartrate and Nalbuphine,
Medication category:
-Opioid Analgesics
Purpose:
-Used to relieve moderate to severe pain associated with labor
Side effects:
-Regular use of opioids during pregnancy may produce withdrawal symptoms in the newborn (irritability, excessive crying, tremors, hyperactive reflexes, fever, vomiting, diarrhea, yawning, sneezing, and seizures
Nursing Considerations:
-Monitor vital signs, particularly respiratory status; if respirations are 12 breaths\/minute or less, withhold the medication and contact the HCP.
-Monitor the fetal heart rate and characteristics of uterine contractions
-Monitor for blood pressure changes (hypotension); maintain the client in recumbent position (elevate the hip with a wedge pillow or other device).
-Record the level of pain relief
-Monitor the bladder for distension and retention
-Have the antidote naloxone readily accessible, especially if delivery is expected to occur during peak medication absorption time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Generic Name: Misoprostol & Dinoprostone Medication category, purpose, side effects, and nursing considerations
Generic Name: Misoprostol & Dinoprostone
Medication category:
-Prostoglandins
Purpose:
-Preinduction cervical ripening (ripening of the cervix before the induction of labor when the bishop score is <4 -Induction of labor -Induction of abortion (abortifacient agent) Side effects: -GI effects, including diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and stomach cramps -Fever, chills, flushing, headache, and hypotension -Uterine tachysystole (>12 uterine contractions in 20 minutes without an alteration in the fetal heart rate pattern
-Hyperstimulation of the uterus
-Fetal passage of Meconium
Nursing considerations:
-Monitor maternal vital signs, fetal heart rate pattern, adverse effects, and status of pregnancy, including indications for cervical ripening or induction of labor, and the Bishop score.
-Have the client void before administration of medication and then have her maintain a supine with lateral tilt or side-lying position for 30 to 60 minutes (gel) up to 2 hours (insert) after administration
-Treatment is discontinued when the Bishop score is 8 or more (cervix ripens) or an effective contraction pattern is established (3 or more contractions in a 10-minute period); in addition, signs of adverse effects indicate that treatment needs to be discontinued
-Follow agency protocol for the induction of labor if cervical ripening has occured and labor has not begun; oxytocin can be initiated if needed 6-12 hours after discontinuation of prostaglandin therapy<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Generic Name: Oxytocin Medication category, purpose, side effects, and nursing considerations
Generic Name: Oxytocin
Medication category:
-Oxytocics (Uterine Stimulants)
Purpose:
-Induces or augments labor
-Controls postpartum bleeding
-Manages an incomplete abortion
Side effects:
-Allergies
-Dysrythymias
-Changes in BP
-Uterine Rupture
-Water Intoxication
Nursing considerations:
-Monitor Maternal VS\/15 minutes
-Monitor frequency, duration, and force of contractions and resting uterine tone\/15 min
-Monitor Fetal HR \/15 min
-Administered most commonly by IV Infusion via an infusion monitoring device
-Carefully monitor the dose being administered; do not leave the client unattended while the oxytocin is infusing<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Generic Name: Methylergonovine maleate Medication category, purpose, side effects, and nursing considerations
Generic Name: Methylergonovine maleate
Medication category: Ergot Alkaloid
Purpose:
-Post-partum hemorrhage
-Post-abortal hemorrhage resulting from atony or involution
Side effects:
-Nausea
-Uterine Cramping
-Bradycardia
-Dysrhythymias
-Myocardial infarction
-Severe hypertension
Nursing considerations:
-Monitor maternal VS
-Monitor BP closesly; the medication causes vasoconstriction which causes an increase in BP, if noted withold the med and notify the HCP
-Monitor uterine contractions (frequency, strength, and duration)
-Assess for chest pain, h\/a, SOB, itching, pale or cold hands or feet, nausea, diarrhea, and dizziness
-Assess the extremeties for color, warm, movement or pain
-Assess vaginal bleeding
-Notify HCP–Chest pain or other adverse effects
-Administer analgesics as prescribed; they may be required because the medication produces painful uterine contractions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Medications Used to Manage Post-partum Hemorrhage:
-Methylergonovine
-Oxytocin
-Prostaglandine: Carboprost tromethamine<\/p>\n\n\n\n
What is the indication for metoclopramide\/reglan?
Prevention of chemotherapy-induced emesis and diabetic gastroparesis<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Side effects of metoclopramide\/reglan
Drowsiness, EPS such as tremors<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Notify MD if what occurs when using metoclopramide\/reglan
Tremors<\/p>\n\n\n\n
What is the indication xenical (orlistat, Alli)
For PTs with BMI of 30+; LT weight control<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SE of xenical (orlistat or alli)
Oily stool and flatulence<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nursing implications for a pt on xenical (orlistat or alli)
Ask pt to describe dietary intake since SE are increased if greater than 30% of fat is in diet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
What can decrease side effects of xenical (orlistat or alli)
Fiber laxatives like Metamucil help decrease SE by binding to the fat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Which type of fluids need plenty of water?
Bulk forming laxatives<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Why do you need plenty of fluids when taking bulk forming laxatives
Because they can produce esophageal and or intestinal obstruction<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Laxative use assessment
Last BM and characteristics, abdominal pain, fever and obstruction. Assess dietary and fluid intake.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
With laxative use the nurse should
Encourage fluids, fiber and exercise as tolerated\/indicated<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Laxative use and result in
Lack of bowel tone which can lead to dependency<\/p>\n\n\n\n
what is ondansetron (zofran)
antiemetic<\/p>\n\n\n\n
What is ondansetron (zofran)used for?
Prevention of N\/V associated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Who should you use caution with when giving ondansetron\/zofran?
PTs with liver failure<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Drugs for ulcerative colitis and crohns
5 aminosalicylates; mesalamie, sulfasalazine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
How do 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine) work?
They decrease GI inflammation<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Side effects of 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine)
Nausea, rash, arthralgia, hematological disorders<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Which drug can cause colitis\/c.diff
Linezolid\/zyvox<\/p>\n\n\n\n
What kind of infection is c.diff
Suprainfection<\/p>\n\n\n\n
What is azithromycin\/zithromax?
An antibiotic<\/p>\n\n\n\n
What does azithromycin\/zithromax treat?
STDs such as: gonorrhea and chlamydia<\/p>\n\n\n\n
How much azithromycin\/zithromax is usually required?
One dose of 1g or 2g.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
If a female pt has trichomonas (any STI) and is asymptomatic does the male need to be tested?
Yes!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
azithromycin\/zithromax can cause what?
Hepatotoxicity- elevated liver enzymes<\/p>\n\n\n\n
What is nitrofurantoin\/cipro used for?
An antibiotic for UTI<\/p>\n\n\n\n
nitrofurantoin\/cipro side effect
Hepatotoxicity, skin reactions, neuropathy<\/p>\n\n\n\n
nitrofurantoin\/cipro nursing considerations
Give with milk or meals check LFTs. Watch for numbness or tingling of extremities this can be an irreversible peripheral neuropathy<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Drug of choice for treating c.diff?
Metronidazole\/flagyl<\/p>\n\n\n\n
When is metronidazole\/flagyl to be taken?
With food and around the clock<\/p>\n\n\n\n
What should be avoided when taking metronidazole\/flagyl and why?
Alcohol; can cause a disulfiram-like reaction<\/p>\n\n\n\n
aminoglycosides examples
gentamicin(garamycin), neomycin, tobramycin(nebcin)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
how are aminoglycosides ,(-mycin, -micin), administered?
given IV for several days<\/p>\n\n\n\n
what is an adverse effect of aminoglycosides (-mycin, -micin)
decreased hearing\/ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity<\/p>\n\n\n\n
what labs need to be evaluated when given aminoglycosides (-mycin, -micin)?
BUN and creatinine<\/p>\n\n\n\n
DOC for MRSA
vancomycin<\/p>\n\n\n\n
what is MRSA
severe staph infections that have become resistant to most antibiotics<\/p>\n\n\n\n
implications for giving vancomycin
acute care requires frequent monitoring og serum drug level for dose adjustment. peak and trough schedule. trough is drawn just prior to next dose.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
risks when using vancomycin
nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SE of vancomycin
thrombophlebitis, red man syndrome if infused too rapidly: flushing or rash of upper body, dyspnea, itching, hypotension- can be lethal<\/p>\n\n\n\n
how long should IV vancomycin infuse?
greater than 60 minutes<\/p>\n\n\n\n
what is trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole?
it is a sulfonamide for treatment of UTI. combination increases efficacy and inhibits metabolism of folic acid at two different points<\/p>\n\n\n\n
what is trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole known for?
sulfa allergy<\/p>\n\n\n\n
nursing implications for trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole
assess for rash due to potential for stevens johnson syndrome<\/p>\n\n\n\n
penicillins have a _ to _<\/em><\/strong> nursing considerations for penicillins what can a nurse treat penicillin anaphylaxis with? nursing considerations for antibiotics what is ribavirin(copegus) indicated for? ribavirin(copegus) SE what is ticarcillin\/clavulanic acid (timentin)? nursing considerations for ticarcillin\/clavulanic acid (timentin) what is the indicated use for rifampin? rifampin SE what labs need to be monitored with rifampin? what is the indicated use for isoniazid (INH) what does isoniazid (INH) interact with? what should be used with isoniazid (INH)? flu vaccine SE what is the indicated use for fluconazole (diflucan)? what labs should be monitored with fluconazole (diflucan)? what is antifunal terbinafine (lamisil) used to treat? nursing considerations for terbinafine (lamisil) how do you know if an antibiotic is effective? nursing considerations for antidepressants. what is the indicated use for benztropine\/cogentin? what is benztropine\/cogentin? SE of benztropine\/cogentin how does levodopa-carbidopa (sinemet) work? what does levodopa-carbidopa (sinemet) treat? S\/S of levodopa-carbidopa (sinemet) toxicity what foods should a pt on levodopa-carbidopa (sinemet) avoid? what is lithium (lithobid, lithotabs) indicated for? what kind of therapeutic index does lithium have? lithium (lithobid, lithotabs) levels initial lithium therapy levels maintenance lithium levels when should lithium levels be drawn? how often during maintenance therapy should lithium levels be checked? normal sodium level how does an increased sodium level effect serum lithium levels? early S\/S of lithium toxicity what happens with lithium toxicity? nursing considerations for lithium haloperidol\/haldol produces what? what are EPS what is the extrapyramidal system? early reaction of haloperidol(haldol). late haloperidol(haldol) symptoms what is tardive dyskinesia characterized by? earliest manifestation of TD what may result with TD what may be used to treat EPS? selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors assessment when using selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (prozac, zoloft, paxil) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (prozac, zoloft, paxil) nursing considerations what is olanzapine\/zyprexa? what is it used to treat? common side effects of zyprexa examples of opioids what is clonazepam\/klonopin? what does it treat? SE of clonazepam\/klonopin antidote for benzodiazepines DOC for treating alcoholic delirium tremens (DTs) what is lorazepam (ativan) used for? lorazepam (ativan) nursing considerations what is penytoin\/dilantin used for? therapeutic plasma levels plasma levels above 20mcg\/ml side effects of phenytoin\/dilantin carbamazepine\/tegretol serum level avoid which drink when taking carbamazepine\/tegretol topiramate may _<\/em> effects of phenytoin what is lioresal\/baclofen? lioresal\/baclofen pt teaching how is lioresal\/baclofen given? SE of lioresal\/baclofen adderall generic name adderall time of dosage How is adderal XR given? how does adderall XR work what does adderall treat> what does ergotamine and dihydroergotamine treat? how does ergotamine and dihydroergotamine work? what is sumatriptan\/imitrex? what is sumatriptan\/imitrex used for? sumatriptan\/imitrex contraindications what is methylphenidate\/ritalin when should methylphenidate\/ritalin be taken? methylphenidate\/ritalin schedule what can echinacea produce? echinacea can have an effect on who should avoid using echinacea? what is gingko bioba used for? gingko bioba may increase the risk of what? what is st john’s wort which drugs can st john’s wort interact with? what is glucosamine and chondroitin used for? meg vitamin C dosage indications of use for Meg vitamin C excess doses of meg vitamin C can lead to foods high in ascorbic acid what can happen if meg vitamin c is abruptly withdrawn? vitamin A foods vitamin A deficiency what happens when a pt ODs on vitamin D normal Ca levels what is calcitonin (mitacalcin) calcitonin (mitacalcin) pt teaching what is calcium acetate (phoslo) and calcium carbonate (tums) used for? when does calcium acetate (phoslo) and calcium carbonate (tums) show desired effects? phosphate normal levels what is epoetin alfa (epogen, procrit) used for? what does epoetin alfa (epogen, procrit) do? what levels need to be assessed with epoetin alfa (epogen, procrit) epoetin alfa (epogen, procrit) pt teaching what is risedronate (actonel), alendronate (fosamax) used for? risedronate (actonel), alendronate (fosamax) pt teaching why should a pt remain upright for 30 mins after receiving risedronate (actonel), alendronate (fosamax) ibandronate (boniva) pt teaching SE of biphosphonates biphosphonates interactions how far apart should biphosphonates and calcium supplements\/antacids be spaced? what is pilocarpine (isopto, pilocar)? how does pilocarpine (isopto, pilocar) work? side effects of pilocarpine (isopto, pilocar)? miotics cause pupil _ making pts be at risk for _<\/strong> what is bethanechol (urecholine) used to treat? how does bethanechol (urecholine) work? what is edrophonium (tensilon) who is edrophonium (tensilon) used for? how do you know is edrophonium (tensilon) is effective? what is pyridostigmine (mestinon) and neostigmine (prostigmine) used for how does pyridostigmine (mestinon) and neostigmine (prostigmine) work? how do we know pyridostigmine (mestinon) and neostigmine (prostigmine) is effective? what is physostigmine (antilirium) and rivastigmine (exelon) used to treat? anticholinergic saying anticholinergics and also treat transderm scopolamine (transderm-scop) use atropine is a __<\/em> oxybutynin (ditropan) and tolterodine (detrol) indications for use oxybutynin SE anticholinergic SE what does an androgen block treat SE of androgen blockers what premise should you work on when giving androgen blockers why are estrogens prescribed for men with prostate cancer SE of estrogen therapy in men SE of estrogen therapy in women estrogen hormone replacement therapy (HRT) treats estrogen hormone replacement therapy SE drugs for erective dysfunctions drugs for erective dysfunction are contraindicated with osymetholone, oxandrolone, nandrolone how does anabolic steroids (osymetholone, oxandrolone and nandrolone) work? SE of anabolic steroids glucocorticoids (steroid drugs) decrease the __<\/em> what is cyclosporine (gengraf, neoral, sandimmune) what is the indicated use for cyclosporine (gengraf, neoral, sandimmune) cyclosporine (gengraf, neoral, sandimmune) can cause _ and __<\/strong> what should be avoided with cyclosporine (gengraf, neoral, sandimmune) what is the indicated use for interferons avonex betaseron SE of interfon medications when should interfons be taken to relieve SE of interferons iron (fe\/ ferrous sulfate) nursing considerations when should antacids or milk products be taken with iron? after taking iron the pt should how is IM iron given vitamin C __<\/em> absorption of iron why would filgrastim(neupogen) be prescribed? how do we know filgrastim(neupogen) is effective? when should filgrastim(neupogen) be given? SE of filgrastim(neupogen) what is bioavailability? different forms and routes of same drug have _<\/em> bioavailability directions for taking medications on an empty stomach directions for taking medications after a meal when are peak and trough levels drawn when should peak level be drawn? when should trough levels be drawn? elevated trough level signifies which drugs need peak and trough levels assessed what is succinylcholine (anectine) and why is it used? SE of succinylcholine (anectine) succinylcholine (anectine) has an added NMB action when added with what needs to be assessed with succinylcholine (anectine) what is isotretinoin (accutane) used for? SE of isotretinoin (accutane?) calculate IV mL\/hr on infusion device calculate IV drip rates Assess the 6 rights of medication administration: Medication Administration: techniques of administration: Magnesium Sulfate: AntidoteCalcium Gluconate Cholinergic Medications (Myesthenic Bradycardia): Antidote\u2022Atropine Methotrexate: AntidoteLeucorvorin Generic Name: Acetaminophen (Tylenol): Medication category, purpose, side effects, and nursing considerationsGeneric Name: Acetaminophen (Tylenol):Medication Category: Analgesics, Nonopioid AnalgesicsPurpose: Generic Name: Codeine: Medication category, purpose, side effects, and nursing considerationsGeneric Name: CodeineMedication […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-110981","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/110981","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=110981"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/110981\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=110981"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=110981"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=110981"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
cross-sensitivity; cephalosporins. they are structurally similar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
observe respiratory status for first 30 minutes when administering for the first time. watch for anaphylaxis if allergic to one or the other may have cross sensitivity<\/p>\n\n\n\n
epinephrine<\/p>\n\n\n\n
do not take for viral illnesses. take entire prescription as ordered. don’t take if not needed as it can produce resistance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
antiviral for treatment of hepatitis C that has failed other treatment<\/p>\n\n\n\n
hemolytic anemia<\/p>\n\n\n\n
broad spectrum\/extended spectrum penicillins<\/p>\n\n\n\n
do not administer in same infusion with aminoglycosides<\/p>\n\n\n\n
antitubercular for treatment of TB<\/p>\n\n\n\n
turns: body fluids; tears, saliva, urine, soft contacts red\/orange\/brown. (ADVISE PT THIS IS NORMAL). Teratogenic- may decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptives; advise to use nonhormonal form of conception throughout therapy. Hepatotoxicity<\/p>\n\n\n\n
LFTs<\/p>\n\n\n\n
TB<\/p>\n\n\n\n
foods containing tyramine; can produce life-threatening hypertensive crisis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2nd form of birth control<\/p>\n\n\n\n
for anyone 6 months and older every season; soreness, redness and swelling at site of injections, low grade fever, aches.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
antifungal for vaginal candidiasis<\/p>\n\n\n\n
many antifungals can cause liver injury monitor LFTs<\/p>\n\n\n\n
superficial dermatologic infections (athlete’s foot) and onychomycosis (nail fungus).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
avoid alcohol, monitor LFTs, report: nausea, upper stomach pain, itching, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools and jaundice<\/p>\n\n\n\n
decrease in WBC, decrease in fever, better cultures, pt feels better<\/p>\n\n\n\n
can cause addiction, pts experience withdrawal symptoms. ALWAYS GET MEDICATION HISTORY SINCE MANY DRUGS CAN INTERACT WITH ANTIDEPRESSANTS<\/p>\n\n\n\n
parkinson’s disease and treatment of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) AKA parkinsonism<\/p>\n\n\n\n
anticholinergic<\/p>\n\n\n\n
blurry vision, urinary retention<\/p>\n\n\n\n
stimulates dopamine production or increases sensitivity of dopamine receptors<\/p>\n\n\n\n
parkinson’s<\/p>\n\n\n\n
involuntary muscle twitching, facial grimacing, spasmodic eye winking, exaggerated protrusion of the tongue. NOTIFY PRESCRIBER.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
high protein meals! can impair effects!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
to treat pts with bipolar disorder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
low\/narrow; toxicity can occur at blood levels only slightly greater than therapeutic levels monitoring lithium is mandatory<\/p>\n\n\n\n
below 1.5 mEq\/L; anything greater causes toxicity<\/p>\n\n\n\n
0.8-1.4 mEq\/L<\/p>\n\n\n\n
0.5-1.5 mEq\/L<\/p>\n\n\n\n
in the morning 12 hours after evening dose<\/p>\n\n\n\n
every 3-6 months<\/p>\n\n\n\n
136-145 mEq\/L<\/p>\n\n\n\n
increase in sodium causes increase in renal excretion which will lower serum lithium levels<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\/N\/V, drowsiness, muscle weakness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
life-threatening dysrhythmia, coma, convulsions, and death<\/p>\n\n\n\n
keep salt consistent in diet; no diuretic<\/p>\n\n\n\n
severe extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) or reactions including tardive dyskinesia<\/p>\n\n\n\n
movement disorders resulting from effects of anypsychotic drugs on the extrapyramidal motor system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
same neuronal network whose malfunction is responsible for movement disorders of parkinson’s disease.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
acute dystonia, parkinsonism, akathisia\/constantly moving\/tapping the foot<\/p>\n\n\n\n
tardive dyskinesia- the most troubling EPS<\/p>\n\n\n\n
involuntary choreoathetoid (twisting writing wormlike) movements of the tongue and face. pts may present lip-smacking movements and their tongues may flick out in a fly-catching motion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
slow worm-like movement of the tongue<\/p>\n\n\n\n
malnutrition and weight loss; movements can interfere with chewing, swallowing and speaking<\/p>\n\n\n\n
benztropine(cogentin) and diphenhydramine (benadryl)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
prozac, zoloft, paxil<\/p>\n\n\n\n
neuromuscular and GI symptoms<\/p>\n\n\n\n
may take 4-6 weeks to see therapeutic effects. take meds as prescribed. carefully monitor pt for self-harm or suicide. obtain list of all other meds<\/p>\n\n\n\n
antipsychotic medication that affects chemicals in the brain. it is used to treat symptoms of psychotic conditions such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (manic depression) in adults and children who are at least 13 years old. can be used with other antipsychotics or antidepressants<\/p>\n\n\n\n
asthenia, dizziness, drowsiness, extrapyramidal reactions, hyperkinesia, akinesia, cogwheel rigidity, drug-induced parkinson’s disease, dyspepsia, mask-like face, xerostomia, abnormal gait, back pain, constipation, fever, orthostatic hypotension, weight gain, myoclonus and personality disorder<\/p>\n\n\n\n
barbiturates (barbital), benzodiazepines (lam\/pam), antiepileptics (AEDs), skeletal muscle relaxants<\/p>\n\n\n\n
anticonvulsant, benzodiazepine to treat panic disorder<\/p>\n\n\n\n
drowsiness, CNS depression, dizziness, nightmares, dry mouth, constipation, weight gain, withdrawal phenomenon and hang over effect<\/p>\n\n\n\n
flumazenil\/romazicon<\/p>\n\n\n\n
lorazepam (ativan)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
anxiety and withdrawal symptoms<\/p>\n\n\n\n
after IV administration keep patient supine for 8 hours and observe closely<\/p>\n\n\n\n
to treat seizures<\/p>\n\n\n\n
10-20 mcg\/ml<\/p>\n\n\n\n
toxicity; nystagmus (back and forth movements of the eyes), ataxia (staggering gait), diplopia (double vision) and cognitive impairment- suicidal thoughts. EPS<\/p>\n\n\n\n
gingival hyperplasia- teach good oral hygiene including flassing and gum massage. measles-like rash, hirsutism, stevens johnsons or toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) especially in pts of asian decent with genetic mutation HLA-B*1502.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4-12 mcg\/ml<\/p>\n\n\n\n
grapefruit juice<\/p>\n\n\n\n
increase<\/p>\n\n\n\n
a muscle relaxant and CNS depressant<\/p>\n\n\n\n
move carefully and slowly when rising\/walking; assess LOC<\/p>\n\n\n\n
intrathecally with baclofen pump; use test dose 1st<\/p>\n\n\n\n
CNS depression, drowsiness, dizziness and hypotension<\/p>\n\n\n\n
amphetamine\/dextroamphetamine mixture<\/p>\n\n\n\n
once in the morning and then 5 hours later. DO NOT GIVE AT BEDTIME<\/p>\n\n\n\n
once daily in the morning. DO NOT GIVE AT BEDTIME<\/p>\n\n\n\n
half dose is released immediately and the remainder 4 hours later<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ADHD<\/p>\n\n\n\n
vascular headaches including migraine with or without aura, cluster headaches<\/p>\n\n\n\n
by producing vasoconstriction of dilated blood vessels<\/p>\n\n\n\n
serotonin receptor agonist; a triptan<\/p>\n\n\n\n
relief of migraine headaches<\/p>\n\n\n\n
do not take within 24 hours of ergot alkaloids;(can cause coronary vasospasms) CVA<\/p>\n\n\n\n
stimulant that can produce insomnia DO NOT TAKE AT BEDTIME<\/p>\n\n\n\n
best if taken on an empty stomach 30-45 minutes before eating; DO NOT TAKE AT BEDTIME<\/p>\n\n\n\n
schedule II drug<\/p>\n\n\n\n
topical agent; dermatitis\/skin rash<\/p>\n\n\n\n
the immune systems. it increases the number of white blood cells which fight infection<\/p>\n\n\n\n
pts with autoimmune diseases (lupus, multiple sclerosis and collagen disorders) since it has a nonspecific stimulatory effect which can worsen symptoms of the disease<\/p>\n\n\n\n
mental alertness and improved memory<\/p>\n\n\n\n
bleeding with:
anticoagulants warfarin, heparin.
antiplatelets (aspirin, clopidogrel) and
NSAIDs<\/p>\n\n\n\n
herb for depression and anxiety<\/p>\n\n\n\n
immunosuppressant drugs for patients with kidney transplants<\/p>\n\n\n\n
osteoarthritis<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1000 mg or more daily<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ascorbic acid deficiency<\/p>\n\n\n\n
diarrhea and urinary stone formation<\/p>\n\n\n\n
citrus fruits, tomatoes, strawberries, cantaloupe and raw peppers<\/p>\n\n\n\n
rebound deficiency<\/p>\n\n\n\n
yellow, orange and leafy veggies<\/p>\n\n\n\n
night blidness\/visual changes<\/p>\n\n\n\n
increases serum calcium levels; excess vitamin D intake leads to excessive calcium absorption<\/p>\n\n\n\n
8.4-10.5 mg\/dl<\/p>\n\n\n\n
nasal spray to decrease bone loss from osteoporosis<\/p>\n\n\n\n
instruct pt to alternate nostrils each day when administering the nasal spray to decrease rhinitis<\/p>\n\n\n\n
management of hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia in pts on chronic renal dialysis or pts with moderate to severe insufficiency with secondary hyperparathyroidism<\/p>\n\n\n\n
decrease in phosphorus and increase in calcium levels<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2.7-4.5 mg\/dl<\/p>\n\n\n\n
patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
increase RBC production; treats anemia in pts with ESRD (CKD) or from HIV or chemotherapy<\/p>\n\n\n\n
iron and H&H; monitor for signs of bleeding or clotting such as with a DVT<\/p>\n\n\n\n
have a diet high in iron<\/p>\n\n\n\n
bisphosphonate (bone resorption inhibitor)> used for treatment of postmenopausal and corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
take first thing in the morning with 8oz of water at least 30 minutes prior to other medications, food or beverages. remain upright for 30 minutes following doses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
to facilitate passage to stomach and minimize risk of esophageal irritation (heartburn)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
take first thing in the morning with 8oz of water at least 60 minutes prior to other medications, food or beverages. remain upright for 60 minutes following doses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
HA, GI upset, risk of esophageal burns if med becomes lodged in esophague, osteonecrosis or the jaw<\/p>\n\n\n\n
calcium supplements and antacids; can infere with absorption<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1-2 hours<\/p>\n\n\n\n
a topical muscarinic agonist for glaucoma<\/p>\n\n\n\n
produces miosis (constriction of the pupil) and contraction of the ciliary muscle<\/p>\n\n\n\n
decreased visual acuity, local irritation, eye pain, brow ache, bradycardia, bronchospasm, hypotension, urinary urgency, diarrhea, hypersalivation, sweating<\/p>\n\n\n\n
constriction (reduces night vision making driving at night dangerous), injury<\/p>\n\n\n\n
urinary retention in postop and postpartum pts<\/p>\n\n\n\n
relaxes the trigone and sphincter muscles and increases voiding pressure by contraction the detrusor muscle which composes the bladder wall<\/p>\n\n\n\n
an anticholinesterase that enhances effects of acetylcholine at the skeletal muscle receptors. has cholinergic effects!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
pts with myasthenia gravis<\/p>\n\n\n\n
improvement in pt muscle strength: opening eyes, improved swallowing, etc<\/p>\n\n\n\n
myasthenia gravis<\/p>\n\n\n\n
inhibits action of cholinesterase (cholinergic drugs)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
improvement in eye opening, improved ease of swallowing<\/p>\n\n\n\n
alzheimer’s and parkinson’s they are cholinergic medications<\/p>\n\n\n\n
dry as bone, red as a beet, mad as a hatter, hot as a hare<\/p>\n\n\n\n
bradycardia<\/p>\n\n\n\n
anticholinergic for motion sickness. dries secretions and reduces nausea postoperatively<\/p>\n\n\n\n
anticholinergic<\/p>\n\n\n\n
urinary tract antispasmodics; treats over active bladder<\/p>\n\n\n\n
constipation, dry mouth, urinary retention, mydriasis, tachycardia, HA, insomnia, angina, overheating<\/p>\n\n\n\n
constipation, dry mouth, urinary retention, mydriasis, tachycardia, HA, insomnia, angina, overheating<\/p>\n\n\n\n
prostrate and testicular cancer (Lupron)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
decreased libido and gynecomastia<\/p>\n\n\n\n
that tumors arising from tissue influenced by the hormones estrogen and progesterone\/androgen show regression (tumors shrink) when treat with a drug that produces the opposite hormonal effect\/enviroment<\/p>\n\n\n\n
estrogens act on the pituitary to suppress secretion of luteinizing hormone which in turn decreases testicular androgen secretion<\/p>\n\n\n\n
feminization; gynecomastia and impotence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
decreased libido and breast tenderness<\/p>\n\n\n\n
postmenopausal symptoms<\/p>\n\n\n\n
nausea, thromboembolic events, photosensitivity, chloasma (brown spots on face, neck and cheeks)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sildenafil (viagra), tadalafil (cialis) and vardenafil (levitra)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
nitrates\/nitroglycerin (potent vasodilator), isosorbide dinitrate (isordil) and isosorbide mononitrate (imdur)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
anabolic steroids<\/p>\n\n\n\n
stimulates growth and development of male sex organs and secondary sex characteristics. stimulates production of erythropoietin by the kidney<\/p>\n\n\n\n
administration of exogenous androgens inhibits the release of endogenous androgens which suppresses sperm production leading to infertility as well as shrinking of the testicles and gynecomastia<\/p>\n\n\n\n
immune system; the pt is at risk of infection<\/p>\n\n\n\n
immunosuppressant drugs<\/p>\n\n\n\n
prevention of organ rejection (kidney, liver, heart transplants)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
nephrotoxicity and posttransplant diabetes mellitus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
grapefruit juice<\/p>\n\n\n\n
multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune disorders; makes flares happen less often. may also slow down how quickly symptoms get worse and help people have less physical disability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
interferon; given once a week IM. pt who start taking it in early stages of MS may be able to go longer before any physical disabilities begin or get worse<\/p>\n\n\n\n
interferon; subq injection every other day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
flu-like symptoms (fatigue, chills, fever, muscle aches and sweating) during first week of treatment<\/p>\n\n\n\n
at bedtime to prevent symptoms from slowing you down<\/p>\n\n\n\n
take acetaminophen or ibuprofen before each injection during the 24 hours after it was administered. swelling, redness and pain at injection site. if the site gets hard, call your doctor and do not give shot at that site. Sadness, anxiety, irritability, guilt, trouble concentrating, confusion, hard time sleeping or eating. Notify MD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
dilute oral liquid dosage and sip through a straw to avoid discoloration of teeth. take supplements with meals or food to decrease GI upset.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1-2 hours before or after oral dosage forms of iron<\/p>\n\n\n\n
remains upright for 30 minutes to help minimize esophageal irritation<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Z-track method<\/p>\n\n\n\n
enhances<\/p>\n\n\n\n
to increase the WBC in neutropenic pts<\/p>\n\n\n\n
WBC increase from 2500-5500 mm<\/p>\n\n\n\n
before infection occurs<\/p>\n\n\n\n
fever, muscle aches, bone pain, and flushing; give nonopioid or opioid analgesic. SE stops when med is D\/C<\/p>\n\n\n\n
the rate at which the drug is available in the body<\/p>\n\n\n\n
different<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1 hour before or 2 hours after eating<\/p>\n\n\n\n
30-60 minutes after eating<\/p>\n\n\n\n
initially then every 5-7 days<\/p>\n\n\n\n
30 minutes after IV infusion<\/p>\n\n\n\n
immediately before (less than 30 minutes) the next dose<\/p>\n\n\n\n
toxicity<\/p>\n\n\n\n
vancomycin and aminoglycosides<\/p>\n\n\n\n
depolarizing neuromuscular blocker; used during therapy<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ventricular tachycardia\/dysrhythmias<\/p>\n\n\n\n
vancomycin<\/p>\n\n\n\n
respiratory status<\/p>\n\n\n\n
treatment of several nodulocystic acne<\/p>\n\n\n\n
severe photosensitivity (avoid the sun hoe) and teratogenesis (pregnancy category X)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
mL divided by minutes times 60<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ml to be infused x drop factor divided by minutes<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"