{"id":111416,"date":"2023-08-04T01:41:48","date_gmt":"2023-08-04T01:41:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learnexams.com\/blog\/?p=111416"},"modified":"2023-08-04T01:41:51","modified_gmt":"2023-08-04T01:41:51","slug":"nr-507-advanced-pathophysiology-midterm-exam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/2023\/08\/04\/nr-507-advanced-pathophysiology-midterm-exam\/","title":{"rendered":"NR-507 Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm Exam"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>S1<br>\u2713 First heart sound, closure of mitral and tricuspid valves in systole<br>S2<br>\u2713 Second heart sound, closure of aortic and pulmonic valves in diastole<br>Preload<br>\u2713 Diastolic filling with venous blood<br>Contractility<br>\u2713 Systolic ejection<br>Afterload<br>\u2713 Resistance to systolic ejection<br>Equation for cardiac output<br>\u2713 Stroke volume x heart rate<br>1 \/ 3<br>Sustained tachycardia causes <strong>_ \u2713 Decreased stroke volume Ischemia, acidosis and cardiomyopathy cause_<\/strong><br>\u2713 Decreased contractility<br>HTN, pulmonary disease and aortic valve damage cause <strong>_ \u2713 Increased afterload What is the most immediate effect on afterload? \u2713 HTN Hemorrhage and decreased volume decreases <em>and<\/em><br>\u2713 Preload and afterload<br>Increased preload increases <\/strong><em>\u2713 Stroke volume Right sided HF is also called <\/em><strong><br>\u2713 Cor pulmonale<br>Cor pulmonale causes <\/strong><em>and is caused by __<\/em><br>\u2713 Enlargement of RV, pulmonary HTN from chronic lung disease<br>2 \/ 3<br>5 causes of lung disease leading to cor pulmonale?<br>\u2713 COPD<br>\u2713 PE<br>\u2713 Pulmonary fibrosis<br>\u2713 OSA<br>\u2713 Myasthenia gravis, polio<br>4 causes of heart failure<br>\u2713 CAD<br>\u2713 HTN<br>\u2713 Cardiomyopathy<br>\u2713 Faulty valves<br>4 events that lead to HF<br>\u2713 HTN<br>\u2713 Increased LV preload<br>\u2713 Increased LA preload<br>\u2713 Pulmonary edema<br>Define ventilation<br>\u2713 The ability to inhale and exhale air<br>Define perfusion<br>\u2713 The ability of lungs and tissues to perform gas exchange<br>Intrinsic asthma<br>\u2713 Internal trigger (anxiety)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S1\u2713 First heart sound, closure of mitral and tricuspid valves in systoleS2\u2713 Second heart sound, closure of aortic and pulmonic valves in diastolePreload\u2713 Diastolic filling with venous bloodContractility\u2713 Systolic ejectionAfterload\u2713 Resistance to systolic ejectionEquation for cardiac output\u2713 Stroke volume x heart rate1 \/ 3Sustained tachycardia causes _ \u2713 Decreased stroke volume Ischemia, acidosis and cardiomyopathy 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