{"id":112132,"date":"2023-08-15T10:50:21","date_gmt":"2023-08-15T10:50:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learnexams.com\/blog\/?p=112132"},"modified":"2023-08-15T10:50:23","modified_gmt":"2023-08-15T10:50:23","slug":"nur-2392-exam-2-latest-2023-2024-nur2392-multidimensional-care-2-exam-2-mdc2-exam-2-actual-exam-75-questions-and-correct-detailed-answersagrade-rasmussen-college","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/2023\/08\/15\/nur-2392-exam-2-latest-2023-2024-nur2392-multidimensional-care-2-exam-2-mdc2-exam-2-actual-exam-75-questions-and-correct-detailed-answersagrade-rasmussen-college\/","title":{"rendered":"NUR 2392 EXAM 2 LATEST 2023-2024 \/NUR2392 MULTIDIMENSIONAL CARE 2 EXAM 2\/MDC2 EXAM 2 ACTUAL EXAM 75 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS|AGRADE (RASMUSSEN COLLEGE)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>lOMoAR cPSD|19500986<br>1<br>NUR 2392 EXAM 2 LATEST 2023-2024 \/NUR2392 MULTIDIMENSIONAL CARE 2 EXAM<br>2\/MDC2 EXAM 2 ACTUAL EXAM 75 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED<br>ANSWERS|AGRADE (RASMUSSEN COLLEGE)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Which pH value indicates the highest concentration of free hydrogen ions in the blood and other<br>extracellular fluids?<br>A. 7.57<br>B. 7.47<br>C. 7.37<br>D. 7.27<br>The blood level of free hydrogen ions is calculated in negative logarithm units. This calculation makes the value of<br>pH inversely related (negatively related) to the concentration of free hydrogen ions. Thus, the lower the pH value<br>of a fluid, the higher the level of free hydrogen ions in that fluid.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Which client arterial blood gas results would the nurse interpret as within normal limits?<br>A. pH 7.28, PaCO2 24, bicarbonate 15, PaO2 95<br>B. pH 7.45, PaCO2 41, bicarbonate 25, PaO2 97<br>C. pH 7.35, PaCO2 24, bicarbonate 15, PaO2 95<br>D. pH 7.30, PaCO2 66, bicarbonate 38, PaO2 70 The normal arterial pH range is 7.35-7.45. The normal<br>PaCO2 range is 35-45 mm Hg.<br>The normal PaO2 range is 80-100 mm Hg.<br>The normal arterial bicarbonate range is 21-28 mEq\/L (mmol\/L).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Which arterial blood pH level can be fatal?<br>A. 7.22 B. 7.11<br>C. 7.05<br>D. 6.85<br>An arterial pH below 6.85 is considered incompatible with life because all vital organ functions would be<br>inhibited.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>By which mechanism do buffers help maintain arterial blood pH within the normal range?<br>A. Binding excess free hydrogen ions<br>B. Increasing kidney excretion of free hydrogen ions<br>C. Triggering increased bicarbonate production in the pancreas<br>D. Stimulating respiratory neurons to increase the rate and depth of ventilation<br>Buffers in body fluids act like hydrogen ion \u201csponges,\u201d soaking up hydrogen ions when too many are present and<br>squeezing out hydrogen ions when very few are present. Buffers have no mechanism to change kidney, pancreas,<br>or neuronal function.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What changes in body functions does the nurse anticipate in a client who has lower than normal blood<br>pH levels? Select all that apply.<br>A. Decreased serum potassium levels<br>B. Increased effectiveness of drugs<br>C. Reduced function of hormones<br>D. Increased function of enzymes<br>E. Decreased electrical conduction in the heart<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>lOMoAR cPSD|19500986<br>2<br>F. Decreased skeletal muscle strength<br>Higher concentration of hydrogen ions (reflected by a lower pH) increases (not decreases) serum potassium<br>levels, decreases effectiveness of drugs, reduces function of hormones, reduces function of enzymes, slows<br>electrical conduction through the heart (because of the elevated potassium levels) and decreases muscle strength.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"6\">\n<li>The continuous normal function of which organs is most critical for acid-base balance? Select all that<br>apply.<br>A. Adrenal glands<br>B. Bladder<br>C. Heart<br>D. Kidneys<br>E. Liver<br>F. Lungs<br>The kidneys are critical in retaining and eliminating hydrogen ions and bicarbonate to maintain acid-base<br>balance. The lungs are the organs that control carbon dioxide elimination. Normal functioning of both these<br>organs are necessary for acid-base balance. A problem interfering with the function of either of them can lead to<br>life-threatening acid-base imbalances. The heart, liver, and bladder have no role in acid-base balance. Although<br>specific adrenal gland problems are indirectly associated with acid-base imbalances, they do not directly affect<br>acid-base balance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Which statement most accurately describes the relationship between the hydrogen ion concentration and<br>carbon dioxide concentration in extracellular fluids?<br>A. Because carbon dioxide is a gas and hydrogen ions are electrolytes, these two substances have no<br>relationship in extracellular fluids.<br>The concentrations of hydrogen ions and carbon dioxide are directly related, with an increase or<br>decrease in one always resulting in a corresponding increase or decrease in the other.<br>C. Carbon dioxide buffers hydrogen ions, thus these two concentrations are inversely related to each other.<br>The greater the carbon dioxide concentration, the fewer hydrogen ions present in that fluid.<br>D. Hydrogen ions and carbon dioxide ions exist in a balanced relationship as a result of their charges. The<br>positively charged hydrogen ions are attracted to the negatively charged carbon dioxide ions, forming an<br>electrically neutral substance.<br>Through the action of the carbonic anhydrase reaction, the concentration of hydrogen ions is directly related to<br>the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood. Any condition that increases the concentration of one also<br>increases the concentration of the other. Carbon dioxide is not a buffer.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Which statement about compensation for acid-base imbalance is accurate? A. The respiratory system is<br>less sensitive to acid-base changes.<br>B. The respiratory system can begin compensation within seconds to minutes.<br>C. The renal system is less powerful than the respiratory system.<br>D. The renal system is more sensitive to acid-base changes.<br>The healthy respiratory system can compensate for acid-base imbalances from other causes. It represents the<br>second line of defense to prevent an imbalance and can begin to compensate within seconds to minutes after a<br>change in hydrogen ion concentration (reflected as a corresponding change in carbon dioxide). The central<br>chemoreceptors controlling rate and depth of ventilation are extremely sensitive to changes in carbon dioxide<br>levels.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Which condition or response is an example of physiologic compensation to maintain acid-base balance?<br>A. Increasing rate and depth of respiration when running 2000 feet<br>B.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>lOMoAR cPSD|19500986<br>3<br>B. Increasing urine output when blood pressure increases during heavy exercise<br>C. Drinking more fluids when spending an extended period of time in a dry environment<br>D. Shifting body weight when pain occurs as a result of remaining in one position for too long<br>The respiratory system increases its activity by \u201cblowing off\u201d excess carbon dioxide that developed as a result of<br>lactic acidosis occurring in skeletal muscle when blood flow and oxygenation were insufficient to meet the<br>increased demand for oxygen (oxygen debt) created during increased skeletal muscle metabolism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"10\">\n<li>Which statements correctly apply to acid-base balance in the body? Select all that apply.<br>B. The immediate binding of excess hydrogen ions occurs primarily in the red blood cells.<br>C. Combined acidosis is less severe than either metabolic acidosis or respiratory acidosis alone.<br>D. Respiratory acidosis is caused by a patent airway.<br>E. Acid-base balance occurs through control of hydrogen ion production and elimination.<br>F. Buffers are the third-line defense against acid-base imbalances in the body.<br>Acid-base balance is maintained by controlling the body\u2019s hydrogen ion production with mechanisms to eliminate<br>hydrogen ions at the same rate they are produced. Renal mechanisms for control of acid-base balance are the<br>most powerful but are slow to start, usually requiring that an acid-base disturbance be present for at least 24<br>hours before becoming active. The first line of defense against acid-base changes are the buffers in the blood,<br>other extracellular fluids, and inside cells. Red blood cells in particular can reduce excess hydrogen ions by having<br>them enter the cells and then binding them to buffers and hemoglobin. Respiratory acidosis is caused by<br>problems that interfere with effective ventilation. A patent airway never causes respiratory acidosis. When<br>conditions that cause respiratory acidosis are present at the same time as conditions that cause metabolic<br>acidosis, the severity of the imbalance increases, not decreases.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Which alteration in acid-base balance does the nurse expect to see as a compensatory response in a client<br>who has a long-term severe respiratory impairment?<br>A. Decreased arterial blood pH<br>B. Increased arterial blood oxygen<br>C. Increased arterial blood bicarbonate<br>D. Decreased arterial blood carbon dioxide<br>Because kidneys regulate pH by controlling bicarbonate concentration and the lungs regulate pH by controlling<br>carbon dioxide loss, a loss of one function can be at least partially compensated by the other function. When<br>pulmonary function is decreased so that adequate amounts of carbon dioxide are not excreted, the pH drops,<br>stimulating the kidneys to reabsorb more bicarbonate to balance the increased acid production.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Which specific type of medication reported as taken daily by an older client will cause a nurse to assess<br>for indications of an acid-base imbalance?<br>A. Antilipidemics<br>B. Hormonal therapy<br>C. Diuretics<br>D. Antidysrhythmics<br>Of all the drug categories listed, only the diuretics induce the excretion of specific electrolytes and hydrogen ions,<br>leading to the development of acid-base imbalances.<br>Renal mechanisms are stronger in regulating acid-base balance but slower to respond than respiratory<br>mechanisms.<br>A.<br><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>lOMoAR cPSD|195009861NUR 2392 EXAM 2 LATEST 2023-2024 \/NUR2392 MULTIDIMENSIONAL CARE 2 EXAM2\/MDC2 EXAM 2 ACTUAL EXAM 75 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILEDANSWERS|AGRADE (RASMUSSEN COLLEGE) lOMoAR cPSD|195009862F. Decreased skeletal muscle strengthHigher concentration of hydrogen ions (reflected by a lower pH) increases (not decreases) serum potassiumlevels, decreases effectiveness of drugs, reduces function of hormones, reduces function of enzymes, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-112132","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exams-certification"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112132","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=112132"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112132\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=112132"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=112132"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=112132"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}