This BUNDLE consists of 3 (three) sets of Exam | 1 & 2 & Final \/ 3 | Study Guide NUR2502 \/ NUR 2502 Multidimensional Care III \/ MDC 3 – Rasmussen<\/p>\n\n\n\n
NUR 2502 Multidimensional Care III<\/p>\n\n\n\n
NUR 2502 MDC III \u2013 Exam 1 Study Guide<\/p>\n\n\n\n
*This is not an exhaustive list of what is on the exam, it is meant to help guide your studying. *<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Review the following diseases\/disorders:
\uf0b7 Breast Cancer
o Health promotion and maintenance
\uf0a7 Mammography
\uf0b7 Annual screening at age 45 start
\uf0b7 Women 55+ can switch to mammograms every 2 years
\uf0a7 clinical breast exam
\uf0b7 done at least every 3 years for women between 20-30 years old and every year
for asymptomatic women over 40 years old
\uf0a7 self-breast exam
\uf0b7 should be done monthly to increase breast self-awareness
\uf0b7 premenopausal women to examine breasts 1 week after the menstrual period
\uf0a7 high risk screening
\uf0b7 high risk= family history (mother, sister) of cancer or positive for genetic
factors
o cancer screening should start at the age which the affected cancer
patient was initially diagnosed
o Risk factors
\uf0a7 Lack of exercise, family hx, diet, alcohol consumption, obesity, not breastfeeding,
breast implants, smoking, medications (birth control, hormone therapy), no
pregnancies
o Types
\uf0a7 Noninvasive breast cancer
\uf0b7 DCIS- cancer cells are located within the duct and have not invaded the
surrounding tissue
\uf0b7 LCIS- cells that are contained in the lobules appear to be cancer cells but are
not. Indicates a risk of developing breast cancer.
\uf0a7 Invasive breast cancer
\uf0b7 Infiltrating ductal carcinoma- the cancer cells originate in the mammary
ducts and spread to the surrounding tissue
o Nursing Interventions (pg 1445)
\uf0a7 Excisional Biopsy teaching
\uf0b7 Refrain from saying the lump\/mass is cancer unless diagnosed
\uf0b7 Reason is to determine if it is cancer or not
\uf0b7 Making sure she knows the removal of the mass is allowing us to further
evaluate for cancer
\uf0b7 Pain medication will be provided to ensure comfort
\uf0b7 Fibrocystic Breast Disorder
o Fibrocystic changes of the breast affecting the lobules, ducts and stromal tissues<\/p>\n\n\n\n
o Non-cancerous changes that give the breast a lumpy texture
o Risk factors
\uf0a7 Premenopausal between 20-50 years of age and hormone replacement therapy
\uf0b7 Endometrial Cancer
o Caused by cancerous cells that originate in the inner lining of the uterus and grows slowly
o Adenocarcinoma is the most common
o Staging
\uf0a7 Stage 1- cancer cells are confined to the endometrium
\uf0a7 Stage 2- cancer cells spread to the cervix
\uf0a7 Stage 3- cancer cells invade the vagina and lymph nodes
\uf0a7 Stage 4- cancer cells have spread to the bowel or bladder
o Risk factors
\uf0a7 Obesity, family hx, women in reproductive years, diabetes, hypertension, uterine
polyps, late menopause, smoking, medications (birth control, chemo), no pregnancies
\uf0b7 Cervical Cancer
o Diagnosed early through preventative screening
o Associated with human papilloma virus
o Symptoms
\uf0a7 Leg swelling, bloody stools, pain or bleeding after intercourse, abdominal pain,
dizziness, fatigue, menstrual irregularities
o Risk factors
\uf0a7 Sexually active girls and young women, infections with HPV, multiple births,
smoking, younger than 18 for first intercourse, multiple sex partners, African
American, oral contraceptive use, history of STIs, obesity, poor diet, family hx of
cervical cancer, HIV\/AIDS, high-fat diet, intrauterine exposure to diethylstilbestrol
\uf0b7 Uterine Leiomyoma
o Benign, slow growing solid tumor that occurs from the overgrowth of smooth muscle and
connective tissue in the uterus
o Aka fibroids or myomas
o Symptoms
\uf0a7 No bleeding to heavy bleeding during menstrual period
\uf0a7 Prolonged periods
\uf0a7 Pelivic pain
o Classifications
\uf0a7 Intramural- contained in the uterine wall within the muscle layer
\uf0a7 Submucosal- protrudes into the cavity of the uterus and can cause bleeding
\uf0a7 Subserosal-protrudes through the outer surface of the uterine wall
o Risk factors
\uf0a7 Genetics
\uf0a7 No pregnancies
\uf0b7 Vulvovaginitis
o Inflammation of the lower genital tract due to an imbalance of hormones and normal flora
of the vagina and vulva resulting in vaginal discharge, itching, irritation, painful urination,
and pain during intercourse
o Risk factors
\uf0a7 Multiple sex partners, use of vaginal sprays, use of douches, use of perfumed soaps,
reduced estrogen levels
\uf0b7 Toxic shock syndrome
o Caused by staphylococcus aureus\u2014menstruation and tampon use
o Exotoxins produced by the bacteria cross into the blood stream
\uf0a7 Onset generally 5 days after the start of menstruation
o Risk factors
\uf0a7 Use of highly-absorbency tampons, hx of use of diaphragm, use of contraceptive
sponges, immunosuppression, deep skin infection
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
NUR 2502 Multidimensional Care III<\/p>\n\n\n\n
NUR 2502 MDC III \u2013 Exam 2 Study Guide<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Physical assessment\uf0e0
\uf0b7 Lung sounds:
o Bronchial
o Bronchovesicular
o Vesicular
\uf0b7 Adventitious sounds:
o Crackles: evident with fluid in lungs
o Wheezes: decrease in ventilation due to swelling of bronchioles
o Rhonchus: mucus or infiltration in lungs
o Pleural friction rub: noted when pt is experiencing fluid in pleural space
(around lung tissue)
\uf0b7 Other indications of respiratory adequacy:
o Skin\/mucus membrane changes
\uf0a7 Gums, throat
\uf0a7 Cyanosis of skin
o Clubbing of fingers
\uf0a7 Related to hypoxia \u2013 not enough O2 in tissues
o Weight loss
o Unevenly developed muscles \u2013 especially in chest region
o General appearance
o Endurance (activity tolerance)
\uf0b7 Diagnostic assessment:
o RBC \u2013 determine issue of hemoglobin
o ABG \u2013 determine acidosis or alkalosis
o Sputum \u2013 rule out bacteria
o Xray, CT \u2013 determine nodules vs fluid buildup
o Pulse ox, capnometry \u2013 how much Co2 pt is getting out of lungs
o PFTs (Pulmonary function tests)\u2013 how well lungs are moving air in\/out
\uf0a7 Flow rates, diffusion capacity, gas exchange, airway resistance,
distribution of ventilation
o Exercise testing
o Invasive diagnostic assessments:
\uf0a7 Bronchoscopy
\uf0b7 Camera that allows us to view airway; may need to be
intubated<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uf0b7 Be careful with reaccumulating of fluid in lungs and infection!
Monitor pt closely after!
\uf0a7 Thoracentesis
\uf0b7 Needle that aspirates the pleural fluid or air from the lungs
\uf0a7 Lung biopsy
\uf0b7 Check for cancer
\uf0b7 Follow up care: assess vital, breath sounds at least every 4
hours for 24 hours
o Risk for collapsed lungs (pneumothorax)
\uf0b7 Assess resp distress
\uf0b7 Report reduced\/absent breath sounds immediately (concerned
about pneumothorax)
\uf0b7 Monitor for hemoptysis \u2013 bloody sputum
Head and Neck Cancer\uf0e0
\uf0b7 Squamous cell carcinoma and slow growing
o Treatable at early stage
\uf0b7 Begins in mucosa that is chronically irritated, becoming tougher and thicker
o Leukoplakia (white patchy) and erythroplakia (red, velvety) lesions
\uf0b7 Risk factors: tobacco and alcohol use
o Voice abuse (singers), chronic laryngitis, exposure to chemical\/dusts, poor oral
hygiene, long-term GERD, oral HPV
Assessment:
\uf0b7 Lumps in mouth, throat, neck
\uf0b7 Difficulty swallowing
\uf0b7 Color changes in mouth
\uf0b7 Oral lesions or sore that does not heal in 2 weeks
o Hoarseness, sore throat
\uf0b7 Persistent, unilateral ear pain
\uf0b7 Persistent, unexplained oral bleeding
\uf0b7 Numbness of mouth, lips, face
\uf0b7 Change in fit in dentures
\uf0b7 SOB
\uf0b7 Burning sensation when drinking citrus or hot liquids
Interpreting:
\uf0b7 PRIORITY:
o Potential airway obstruction
o Potential for aspiration
\uf0a7 Head of bed at 30 degrees, pt may be put on thick liquids
o Anxiety \u2013 risk for SOB and lack of O2
o Decreased self-esteem
o Suck on saline, ice, gargle with mouth sprays
Treatment:
\uf0b7 Radiation \u2013 stay out of sun, do not shave area, teach pt to wear protective clothing, cleanse
with mild sop daily
\uf0b7 Chemo
\uf0b7 Cordectomy \u2013 removal of vocal cords (laryngeal cancer)
\uf0b7 Laryngectomy – removal of larynx
o Post op care:
\uf0a7 Priority is airway maintenance and gas exchange
\uf0a7 Wound flap, reconstructive tissue care
\uf0a7 HEMORRHAGE \u2013 can create obstruction of airway
\uf0a7 Wound break down
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
NUR 2502 Multidimensional Care III<\/p>\n\n\n\n
NUR 2502 MDC III \u2013 Final Exam \/ Exam 3 Study Guide<\/p>\n\n\n\n
note<\/em> this is not a comprehensive list of all that is included on your exam, but should be used Exam 3: 75 questions, 150 points, 120 minutes to complete \uf0b7 Iggy chapters: \uf0b7 Heart Failure- Left and Right know this very well!<\/em> weight gain, GI distress, dependent edema, pitting edema, lethargic, o How is heart failure diagnosed? This BUNDLE consists of 3 (three) sets of Exam | 1 & 2 & Final \/ 3 | Study Guide NUR2502 \/ NUR 2502 Multidimensional Care III \/ MDC 3 – Rasmussen NUR 2502 Multidimensional Care III NUR 2502 MDC III \u2013 Exam 1 Study Guide *This is not an exhaustive list of what is […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-114707","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exams-certification"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114707","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=114707"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114707\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=114707"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=114707"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=114707"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
instead to guide\/direct your studying*<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Covers only module 7-10 (not comprehensive)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uf0b7 Chapter 35: Care of Patients with Cardiac Problems
\uf0b7 Chapter 34: Care of Patients with Dysrhythmias
\uf0b7 Chapter 36: Care of Patients with Vascular Problems
\uf0b7 Chapter 38: Care of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes
\uf0b7 Chapter 39: Assessment of the Hematological System
\uf0b7 Chapter 40: Care of Patients with Hematological Problems<\/p>\n\n\n\n
o Cause
\uf0a7 Faulty heart valves (4): stenosis, regurg, infected
\uf0a7 Arrhythmias (A-fib, tachycardia)
\uf0a7 Infarction (MI, CAD)
\uf0a7 Lineage (family hx, congenital)
\uf0a7 Uncontrolled HTN
\uf0a7 Recreational drug use (cocaine, alcohol)
\uf0a7 Evaders (virus, infection)
o Know what\u2019s important to teach in discharge teaching
\uf0a7 Low sodium diet, fluid restriction, vaccinations, exercise as tolerated, daily weights,
smoking cessation, limit alcohol, med compliance
o What are clinical manifestations of left sided heart failure and\/or right sided heart failure
\uf0a7 Left Side
\uf0b7 Pulmonary congestion, cough, crackles in lungs, anorexia, decreased CO,
oliguria, fatigue, heaviness in arms or legs, chest discomfort, palpitations,
fast heartbeat, nonproductive cough, dyspnea, orthopnea, using extra pillows
at night, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, dizziness, acute confusion, gaining
weight
\uf0a7 Right Side
\uf0b7 Weight gain, Fatigue, ascites, increased venous pressure, enlarged
liver\/spleen, may be secondary to COPD, distended jugular veins, anorexia,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
irregular HR (a-fib), nocturia, swelling<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uf0a7 Electrolytes, renal function tests
\uf0a7 ECG- thickening of heart muscles and dysrhythmias
\uf0a7 ECHO- enlargement
\uf0a7 Decreased cardiac function tests
\uf0a7 CXR- enlargement
\uf0a7 Stress tests
\uf0a7 Cardiac catheterization- identifies degree of heart failure
\uf0a7 BNP lab: biomarker, determines the degree of heart failure (>500 HF, >900 severe
HF)
\uf0a7 ABGs- hypoxemia
o What educational teaching is important to teach the client regarding fluid management at
home?
\uf0a7 Control volume overload: monitor sodium, potassium, BUN, creatinine and fluid
intake, dietary salt restrictions, diuretics, symptoms to report, daily weight checks,
fluid restriction
o Interventions
\uf0a7 Position: high fowlers, dangle their legs if possible
\uf0a7 Reassurance and anxiety reduction
\uf0a7 Education: modify lifestyle, medications, O2 therapy
\uf0a7 Surgery: CABG
\uf0a7 Heart failure Self-management health teaching
\uf0a7 Monitor medications
\uf0a7 Educate: Prevent readmission!!
\uf0b7 Valve diseases know each type very well-fill out chart below<\/em>
o What predispositions increase risk for valve abnormalities?
\uf0a7 Older age
\uf0a7 Hx of certain infections that affect the heart
\uf0a7 Hx of heart disease or heart attack
\uf0a7 High BP, high cholesterol, diabetes
\uf0a7 Congenital heart disease
o What are clinical manifestations of each valvular disorder?
\uf0a7 Mitral stenosis
\uf0b7 Dyspnea on exertion, orthopnea, PND, palpitations, dry cough, hemoptysis,
pulmonary edema, pulse can change from normal to irregular as patient
decompensates
\uf0a7 Mitral regurgitation
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"