NR 325 Exam 2
what are s\/s of head injury? (Answer)- leakage of CSF
Ecchymosis
Battle’s sign\/raccoon eyes
what is management of head injury? (Answer)- ensure patient airway*
priority
what is the Monro-Kellie doctrine? (Answer)- If one component increases, another
must decrease to maintain ICP.
only applicable to closed skull patients*
what is normal ICP level? (Answer)- 5-15mmHg<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n20mmHg needs treatment!!
What are key features of increased ICP? (Answer)- CUSHINGS TRIAD
lethargy to coma
change in speech
cranial nerve dysfunction
seizures
abnormal posturing
what is cushings triad? (Answer)- elevated BP, Decreased pulse, and decreased
respirations.
KEY characteristic of increased ICP
how do we manage patients leaking CSF? (Answer)- raise head of bed
NO sneezing\/blowing nose\/bleeding
NO NG tube, nasotracheal suctioning
How do we place a patient with increased ICP? (Answer)- elevated HOB atleast 30
degrees
what is the treatmet for increased ICP? (Answer)- maintain AIRWAY*<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\nHyperventilate patient to “blow off” CO2 (CO2 dilates blood vessels)
Raise HOB
Decrease metabolic demands by paralyzing and sedating patient
Mannitol- only diuretic given for ICP *
corticosteroids
Pain management
Intracranial monitoring (in ventricle)
Craniotomies- removes portion of skull to allow for brain to swell.
Decompressive craniectomy
what is the ONLY diuretic given for increased ICP? (Answer)- Mannitol
what are risk factors of stroke? (Answer)- Obesity
Heart disease
Diabetes mellitus
Hypercholesterolemia
Hypercoagulable states
Cocaine, illicit drug use
Atrial fibrillation- develop into clot, clot causes stroke
what type of seizure is this?
daydraming seizure- staring off into space (Answer)- absence- petit mal
usually occurs in children\/young adolecense
hyperventilation and flashing lights can precipitate absence seizures
what type of seizure is this?
muscle stiffening followed by JERKING.
patients will fall if they are standing (Answer)- tonic clonic- grand mal<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"NR 325 Exam 2what are s\/s of head injury? (Answer)- leakage of CSFEcchymosisBattle’s sign\/raccoon eyeswhat is management of head injury? (Answer)- ensure patient airway*prioritywhat is the Monro-Kellie doctrine? (Answer)- If one component increases, anothermust decrease to maintain ICP.only applicable to closed skull patients*what is normal ICP level? (Answer)- 5-15mmHg 20mmHg needs treatment!!What are key features […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-116344","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exams-certification"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116344","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=116344"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116344\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=116344"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=116344"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=116344"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}