Considering the nutrient requirements for exercising horses, what is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism? Which type of metabolism generates more energy? Aerobic metabolism is best for what type of exercise (short duration, high intensity or long duration, low intensity)? Anaerobic metabolism is used in what type of exercise (short duration, high intensity or long duration, low intensity)? Ans- – Aerobic<23 mphin the presence of oxygen muscle glycogen converted toCO2 + 36 ATP units long distance, low intensity – Anaerobic>23 mph oxygen intake is inadequate to support demands muscle glycogen converted to lactate + 4 ATP units short duration, high intensity Is fat a useful energy source for a performing horse? Is fat metabolized aerobically or anaerobically? Is this important in diets for race horses? Explain Ans- yes; aerobically; no, race horse demands can not be met through aerobic metabolism; long duration lower intensity aerobic exercise results in fat being metabolized. Fat is an oxidative fuel, meaning it can only be metabolized aerobically, and cannot be used to provide anaerobic energy. Horse diets typically have a high percentage of fat and\/or oil (8-12%) in the composition of the the diet. Why? Ans- high levels can become rancid over time, spares muscle glycogen in the “aerobic” performing horse Horse diets typically have a high percentage of molasses (6 – 8%) in the composition of the diet. Why? Do these high levels of molasses casue problems? Explain Ans\u0002improve palatability and help control dust; feed can potentially clump as it dries in the sack if bought in large quantities. By what age does a young foal’s nutrient requirement for growth exceed the nutrients being derived from milk? What is done to increase the supply of nutrients to the young horse, especially a young horse being fed for competition purposes? Ans- – 60 days – Requires excellent pasture and possible creep feed depending on the level of growth In the information concerning horse nutrition in your notes, there are 10 factors listed that are important in the Feeding Safety and Management Summary. Be familiar with each of these factors. Ans- 1. always feed at least 1% of the horses body weight in long stem roughage 2. feed by weight, not by volume 3. never feed more than 0.5% of body weight in concentrate per feeding 4. never force horses to compete for food 5. provide unlimited access to clean fresh water 6. feed only high quality feeds 1 \/ 2 7. adequate internal parasite control 8. concentrate rations need to be at least 10% crude fiber 9. encourage horses to eat slowly 10. feeding needs to be consistent When group feeding horses, should horses have to compete for food or should plenty of feeders be used? Explain. Ans- They should never have to fight for food What level of crude fiber should be included in the concentrate portion of horse diets? Why? Ans- 10%; slows rate of digestion, concentrates require careful management Why are time of feeding and a set feeding schedule of importance to a horse? Ans\u0002helps insure they don’t get a carb overload, if horses have a carb overload they can colic Swine are simple-stomached animals that have a very small cecum that is past the small intestine, the primary site of digestion and absorption of nutrients; therefore, feedstuffs that are utilized as ingredients in swine diets must be easily digested by digestive enzymes secreted by the pancreas into the small intestine as well as being easily absorbed in the latter portion of the small intestine. Fibrous feeds are NOT used in most swine diets. Why? Ans- – Swine are simple stomached animals; therefore, feeds must be readily digestible and absorbed in the small intestine. Fiber utilization is minimal because swine have a small cecum and the cecum is located behind the small intestine, the primary site of nutrient absorption. – Exception: Sows that are fed increased fiber diets during the latter stages of gestation to prevent constipation – (Swine do not practice coprophagy; therefore, essential amino acids, vitamins and essential fatty acids must be fed in the diet.) Swine are fed diets that are highly fortified corn, soybean meal-based diets. Since the rations are centered on corn and soybean meal, are the rations formulated on an “As\u0002Fed” or “Dry Matter” basis? Why? Ans- All swine rations are formulated on an “As-fed” basis rather than a “Dry Matter” basis because typical feed ingredients are high in dry matter content and high moisture feeds are seldom utilized. Energy requirements for swine are expressed on the basis of what specific term? Ans\u0002Metabolizable Energy (ME) What is phytate phosphorus and why is it a concern when feeding swine? Ans- – Cereal grains are moderately high in phosphorus content (0.3%), but much of this is “tied up” in the form of an organic compound called phytate. – Each phytic acid molecule can bind 6 phosphate groups, forming an unabsorbable complex called phytate phosphorus. – Critical in the non-ruminant. Must be aware of available phosphorus levels in diets. Compare corn, milo and wheat as to feeding value for hogs. Ans- Corn<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Considering the nutrient requirements for exercising horses, what is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism? Which type of metabolism generates more energy? Aerobic metabolism is best for what type of exercise (short duration, high intensity or long duration, low intensity)? Anaerobic metabolism is used in what type of exercise (short duration, high intensity or […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-118914","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exams-certification"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118914","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=118914"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118914\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=118914"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=118914"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=118914"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}