{"id":119597,"date":"2023-09-11T23:15:50","date_gmt":"2023-09-11T23:15:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learnexams.com\/blog\/?p=119597"},"modified":"2023-09-11T23:15:52","modified_gmt":"2023-09-11T23:15:52","slug":"atls-and-trauma-management-2023-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/2023\/09\/11\/atls-and-trauma-management-2023-2024\/","title":{"rendered":"ATLS and Trauma management 2023\/2024"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>ATLS and Trauma management<br>2023\/2024<br>Advanced Trauma Life Support, or ATLS for short, is a: &#8211; ANSWER<br>concise approach to assessing and managing the multiply injured patient\u2026which<br>hopes to reduce the morbidity and mortality related to trauma<br>Most deaths after injury occur in one of three time periods: &#8211; ANSWER<br>at the time of injury or within 60 minutes, within the following few hours, or<br>several days \/ weeks after the injury.<br>ATLS focuses on the first___________ following injury the &#8211; ANSWER<br>&#8220;Golden Hour&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What are the stages of ATLS? &#8211; ANSWER &#8211; preparation<br>before the patient has even arrived.<br>-On arrival the primary survey and resuscitation should begin. This targets the<br>most life threatening problems.<br>-After this an AMPLE history and secondary survey should be completed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>your work is not done until after continued monitoring and the patient is<br>transferred for further management or discharged.<br>Which people make up a trauma team? &#8211; ANSWER &#8211;<br>Two team leaders &#8211; One doctor and one nurse.<br>-One &#8220;airway&#8221; doctor and one &#8220;airway&#8221; nurse, plus two &#8220;circulation&#8221; doctors and<br>two &#8220;circulation&#8221; nurses<br>-A &#8220;relatives&#8221; nurse<br>-A radiographer<br>In order to prepare appropriately you need to know what to expect before the<br>casualty arrives so you contact the crew while they are in transit.<br>So what should you ask the ambulance crew? &#8211; ANSWER<br>&#8220;What type of incident is it?&#8221; e.g. car crash, chemical spill<br>&#8220;How many casualties are there?&#8221;<br>&#8220;What are their ages and sexes?&#8221;<br>&#8220;What is the status of the casualties&#8221; e.g. ABC &#8211; airway, breathing, circulation and<br>conscious level (GCS).<br>&#8220;What treatment have you given so far and what were the effects?&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Estimated time of arrival?&#8221; (&#8220;ETA&#8221; if you want to sound like you&#8217;re on ER.)<br>A is for Airway and cervical spine protection.<br>What is the ASSESMENT? &#8211; ANSWER Check airway<br>patency whilst manually stabilising the C-spine (if not already in<br>collar\/blocks\/tape)<br>A is for Airway and cervical spine protection. What is the MANAGEMENT (if not<br>patent)? &#8211; ANSWER Perform a Jaw Thrust. (not a head<br>tilt\/chin lift which will move the C-spine)<br>Clear foreign bodies e.g. fractures, dentures, chewing gum.<br>Insert an oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway if required.<br>If necessary establish a definitive airway by orotracheal or surgical<br>cricothyroidotomy.<br>Protect the cervical spine as above.<br>When would you intubate a patient? &#8211; ANSWER<br>Ventilation during anaesthetic surgery, if muscle relaxant is required, patient cant<br>protect the airway (GCS &lt;8, aspiration risk, muscle relaxant)<br>Potential airway obstruction (burns, trauma, neck haemotoma, inadequate<br>ventilation\/oxygenation (COPD, head injury, ARDS)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ATLS Prep<br>What are the elements of the initial assessment? &#8211; ANSWER<br>preparation, triage, primary survey, adjuncts to the primary survey and<br>resuscitation, consideration for transfer, secondary survey, adjuncts to the<br>secondary survey, continued post resuscitation monitoring, definitive care<br>What&#8217;s the difference between multiple and mass casualties? &#8211; ANSWER<br>does the number and severity of patients exceed the capability of the facility and<br>staff<br>What is the primary survey? &#8211; ANSWER airway (with<br>restriction of c-spine motion), breathing and ventilation, circulation, disability,<br>exposure<br>What are injuries that significantly impair ventilation in the short term? &#8211;<br>ANSWER tension pneumothorax, massive hemothorax, open<br>pneumothorax, tracheal and bronchial injuries<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>How can a simple pneumothorax be converted to a tension pneumothorax? &#8211;<br>ANSWER when a patient is intubated and positive pressure<br>ventilation is provided before decompressing the pneumothorax<br>What are the elements of clinical observation that yield important information<br>about hemodynamic status? &#8211; ANSWER level of<br>consciousness, skin perfusion, pulse<br>Where are the major areas of internal hemorrhage? &#8211; ANSWER<br>chest, abdomen, retroperitoneum, pelvis, long bones<br>Other than CNS injury, what can alter a patient&#8217;s level of consciousness? &#8211;<br>ANSWER hypoglycemia, alcohol, narcotics, other drugs<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What are adjuncts used during the primary survey? &#8211; ANSWER<br>EKG, pulse oximetry, CO2 monitoring, ABG, urinary catheter, gastric catheter,<br>lactate, XR, FAST<br>If there is blood at the urethral meatus or perineal ecchymosis\u2026think? &#8211;<br>ANSWER urethral injury, retrograde urethrogram before<br>inserting a catheter<br>What does AMPLE stand for? &#8211; ANSWER allergies,<br>medications, past illnesses\/pregnancy, last meal, events\/environment related to<br>the injury<br>During the secondary survey, what is the sequence of the physical exam? &#8211;<br>ANSWER head, maxillofacial structures, cervical spine and<br>neck, chest, abdomen and pelvis, perineum\/rectum\/vagina, musculoskeletal,<br>neurological<br>What is the MIST acronym for EMS handoff? &#8211; ANSWER<br>mechanism and time of injury, injuries found and suspected, symptoms and signs,<br>treatment initiated<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ATLS and Trauma management2023\/2024Advanced Trauma Life Support, or ATLS for short, is a: &#8211; ANSWERconcise approach to assessing and managing the multiply injured patient\u2026whichhopes to reduce the morbidity and mortality related to traumaMost deaths after injury occur in one of three time periods: &#8211; ANSWERat the time of injury or within 60 minutes, within the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-119597","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exams-certification"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119597","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=119597"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119597\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=119597"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=119597"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=119597"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}