anatomy – ANSWER study of structure and form; derived from Greek word Anatome
which means to cut apart or dissect; Anatomists study structure and form of organisms
studying the relationships among parts of the body and the structure of individual
organs
physiology – ANSWER the study of function of the body parts; physiologists examine
how organs and body systems function under normal circumstances as well as how
their functions are altered with medication or disease
branches of anatomy – ANSWER microscopic- structures that cannot be observed to
the unaided eye
(cytology- study of body cells and their internal structure;
histology- study of tissues)
gross anatomy- structures that can be observed to the unaided eye,; macroscopic
(systemic anatomy- anatomy of each body system;
regional anatomy- examines all of the structures in a particular region of the body as a
complete unit)
embryology – ANSWER discipline concerned with developmental changes occurring
from conception to birth
comparative A&P – ANSWER examines similarities and differences of anatomy and
physiology of different species
pathophysiology – ANSWER relationship between the functioning of an organ system
and disease or injury to that organ system
basic qualities of life – ANSWER organization- each organism has a complex structure
and order
metabolism- the sum of all chemical reactions to occur within a body; anabolism
(smaller molecules form larger) and catabolism (larger molecules are broken down to
smaller)
growth and development- each organism assimilates materials from its environment and
often grows and develops
responsiveness- ability to sense and react to stimuli
regulation- ability to adjust or direct internal bodily function in the face of environmental
changes- homeostasis- ability of an organism to maintain a consistent internal
environment
organization of the human body – ANSWER chemical level- consists of atoms,
molecules, macromolecules, and organelles
cell level- consists of cells, made up of structures and molecules from chemical level
tissue level- made up of tissues which are made of cells
organ level- made up of organs made up of 2-3 tissue types that work together for
specific, complex functions
organ system level- organs that work together to coordinate activities and achieve a
common function
anterior – ANSWER in front of
posterior – ANSWER in back of
dorsal – ANSWER on the backside of the human body
ventral – ANSWER on the belly side of the human body
superior – ANSWER closer to the head
inferior – ANSWER closer to the feet
deep – ANSWER on the inside
superficial – ANSWER on the outside
homeostasis – ANSWER refers to the ability of an organism to maintain a consistent
internal environment or “steady state”; for example if the body gets hot due to external
temperature, the body maintains a steady state by circulating more blood toward the
surface to facilitate heat loss; nervous system regulating blood pressure when you get
out of bed in the morning
receptor- detects changes in variable; either substance or process stimulus
control center – interprets input from the receptor and initiates change through the
effector; parathyroid hormone monitors calcium levels
effector- structure that brings about the change to alter the stimulus; muscles in the
lungs that bring air flow
positive feedback – ANSWER set point– what is normal
action occurs that reinforces the response; mother breast feeds baby: suckling causes
receptors to signal to hypothalamus to release oxytocin causing breast tissue to
produce milk
negative feedback – ANSWER detecting a change and then initiating the opposite
response to return to the set point (if it’s hot, bringing heat to the surface of the skin so
the body loses heat, if cold withdrawing blood to vessels, skeletal muscles shiver, no
sweat, withdraw foot when stepping on glass)
atoms – ANSWER protons (+1 charge), nuetrons, and electrons (very little weight)
atomic number is based on protons
amu is based on protons and nuetrons<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
anatomy – ANSWER study of structure and form; derived from Greek word Anatomewhich means to cut apart or dissect; Anatomists study structure and form of organismsstudying the relationships among parts of the body and the structure of individualorgansphysiology – ANSWER the study of function of the body parts; physiologists examinehow organs and body systems function […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-119649","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exams-certification"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119649","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=119649"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119649\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=119649"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=119649"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=119649"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}