{"id":119657,"date":"2023-09-12T19:56:19","date_gmt":"2023-09-12T19:56:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learnexams.com\/blog\/?p=119657"},"modified":"2023-09-12T19:56:20","modified_gmt":"2023-09-12T19:56:20","slug":"endocrine-pathology-first-aid-usmle-step-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/2023\/09\/12\/endocrine-pathology-first-aid-usmle-step-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Endocrine Pathology – First Aid USMLE Step 1"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Cushing Syndrome is an increase in this hormone: – answer cortisol
why could cortisol be increased and causing Cushings? – answer 1. exogenous
corticosteroids, resulting in decreased ACHT and bilat adrenal atrophy<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. primary adrenal adenoma hyperplasia or carcinoma, decreased ACTH and atrophy of
    uninvolved adrenal gland<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. ACTH secreting pituitary adenoma, leading to increased ACTH; most common
    Name pathological signs\/symptoms of Cushing syndrome – answer 1. hypertension<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. weight gain<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. moon facies<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. abdominal striae<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  6. truncal obesity<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  7. buffalo hump<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  8. osteoporosis<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  9. hyperglycemia\/insulin resis<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  10. amenorrhea<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  11. immunosuppression
    How do you treat adrenal insufficiency? – answer glucocorticoid\/mineralcorticoid
    replacement
    describe the differential diagnosis between primary adrenal insufficiency versus
    secondary\/tertiary adrenal insufficiency – answer primary: low cortisol, high ACTH
    secondary\/tertiary: low cortisol, low ACTH, due to pituitary disease, + response to ACTH
    stimulation test
    What is the name of primary adrenal insufficiency? – answer chronic condition –
    Addisons Disease (JFK, increased MSH levels)
    acute – occurs as a result of hemorrhage
    Hyperaldosteronism features clinical presentation of the following symptoms: – answer
    hypertension
    decreased or normal K+
    metabolic alkalosis
    there is no edema due to aldosterone escape mechanism
    what is the aldosterone escape mechanism? – answer aldosterone escape:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Cushing Syndrome is an increase in this hormone: – answer cortisolwhy could cortisol be increased and causing Cushings? – answer 1. exogenouscorticosteroids, resulting in decreased ACHT and bilat adrenal atrophy<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-119657","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exams-certification"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119657","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=119657"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119657\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=119657"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=119657"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=119657"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}