{"id":119667,"date":"2023-09-13T14:14:26","date_gmt":"2023-09-13T14:14:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learnexams.com\/blog\/?p=119667"},"modified":"2023-09-13T14:14:29","modified_gmt":"2023-09-13T14:14:29","slug":"nbrcthe-national-board-for-respiratory-care-tests-bundle-set","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/2023\/09\/13\/nbrcthe-national-board-for-respiratory-care-tests-bundle-set\/","title":{"rendered":"NBRC|The National Board for Respiratory Care.|Tests Bundle Set"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

NBRC Exam questions with correct answers
Normal Urine Output Answer \u2714\u2714 40mL\/hr (approximatley 1 Liter a day)
Intake exceeds output Answer \u2714\u2714 -weight gain
-electrolyte imbalance
-increased hemodynamic pressures
-decreased lung compliance
Central Venous Pressure (CVP) Answer \u2714\u2714 can indicate changes in fluid balance
Normal CVP Answer \u2714\u2714 2-6mmHg or 4-12cmH20
-decreased CVP can indicate hypovalemia (fluid therapy)
-increased CVP can indicate hypervalemia (diuretics)
Stuporous, confused , sleepy Answer \u2714\u2714 consider sleep apnea or excessive O2
therapy (COPD patient)
Semicomatose Answer \u2714\u2714 responds only to painful stimuli
Obtunded Answer \u2714\u2714 drowsy state, may have decreased cough or gag reflux
(protect airway)
Coma Answer \u2714\u2714 does not respond to painful stimuli
Electrolyte Imbalance Traits Answer \u2714\u2714 anger, combative, irritable<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Drug Overdose Traits Answer \u2714\u2714 Euphoria-intense feelings of emotions (joy)
Panic Traits Answer \u2714\u2714 severe hypoxemia, tension pnemothorax, status
asthmaticus, or possibly AAA (abdominal aortic anerysm)
Activites of Daily Living (ADL) Scoring Answer \u2714\u2714 Katz Scoring System
0-dependent
6-independent
Orthopnea Answer \u2714\u2714 difficulty breathing except in the upright position (CHF)
Genreal malaise Answer \u2714\u2714 run down feeling, nausea, weakness, fatique,
headache (consider electrolyte imbalance)
COPD diet Answer \u2714\u2714 high fats, low carbs (carbs causes higher CO2)
Edema Answer \u2714\u2714 caused by CHF and renal failure
occurs primarily in arms and ankles
Ascites Answer \u2714\u2714 accumulation of fluid in the abdomen generally caused by
liver failure
Clubbing of fingers Answer \u2714\u2714 caused by chronic hypoxemia
presence of clubbing suggests pulmonary disease
Venous distension or Jugular venous distension (JVD) Answer \u2714\u2714 occurs with
CHF<\/p>\n\n\n\n

seen during exhalation in patients with obstructive lung disease
Capillary refill Answer \u2714\u2714 indication of peripheral circulation
color should return within 3 seconds
Diaphoresis Answer \u2714\u2714 heart failure (recommend diuretics, positive inotropic
agents)
fever, infection (recommend antibiotics)
anxiety, nervousness (recommend sedatives)
tuberculosis\/night sweats (recommend antitubercular drugs)
Cheyne-Stokes Breathing Answer \u2714\u2714 gradually increasing then decreasing rate
and depth in a cycle lasting from 30-180 seconds, with periods of apnea lasting up
to 60 seconds
Cause: Increased intracranial pressure, brainstem inury, drug overdose
Biot’s Breathing Answer \u2714\u2714 increased respiratory rate and depth with irregular
periods of apnea. Each breath has the same depth
Cause: CNS problem
Kussmaul’s breathing Answer \u2714\u2714 increased respiratory rate (usually over 20
breaths\/min), increased depth, irregular rhythm, breathing sounds labored
Cause: metabolic acidosis, renal failure, diabetic ketoacidosis
Dry or nonproductive cough may indicate Answer \u2714\u2714 a tumor in the lungs
Productive cough may indicate Answer \u2714\u2714 an infection or chronic lung disease<\/p>\n\n\n\n

NBRC EXAM, Part I questions with correct
answers
PATIENT ASSESSMENT:
All the following could cause capnography to go from 3 6 to 30 EXCEPT:
A. Endotracheal tube positioned in the right mainstream bronchus
B. Hyperventilation
C. pulmonary emboli
D. Hypovolemia Answer \u2714\u2714 Endotracheal tube positioned in right mainstem
bronchus is a problem but the co2 reading would not change, so
ANSWER is A.
What is the target Vt for individual on mechanical ventilation Answer \u2714\u2714 6-8
ml\/kg (of ideal body weight) This is new strategy as of January 2015
Is the following Static OR Dynamic Compliance:
Means flow throughout the respiratory system has stopped and all ventilatory
muscle activity is absent. conditions can be imposed with an inspiratory
pause when a patient is sedated and mechanically ventilated. Answer \u2714\u2714 Static
Compliance
Is the following Static OR Dynamic Compliance:
Flow at airway opening is zero. Mechanics are evaluated under _<\/strong><\/em> conditions,
when non-intubated patient breathes spontaneously. Answer \u2714\u2714 Dynamic
Compliance<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A balloon tipped flow directed catheter is positioned in the pulmonary artery with
the balloon deflated. Which of the following pressures will be measured by the
proximal lumen:
a. Cvp
b. Pap
c. Pwp
d. Map Answer \u2714\u2714 ANSWER is A. Cvp = deflated\/proximal lumen
Pap = deflated\/distal
Pwp = inflated\/wedged
All of the following will affect the accuracy of a capnography EXCEPT
a. Long sampling line
b. Low sampling flow
c. Condensation in the tubing
d. Use of desiccant Answer \u2714\u2714 Gas will pass through and out of a long sampling
line before reaching analyzer so, low sampling flow will not give you enough
information for a good reading, and condensation as a rule is always a problem
especially in analyzers. Dessicant removes moisture from the gas, which is a good
thing, so
ANSWER is D
A 1000 g neonate (normal baby is 3000 g) is stable in nicu. Which of the following
should the respiratory therapist use to monitor the neonates overall
cardiopulmonary status.
a. TcPCO2 and TcPO2 monitor
b. Arterial blood gas analysis Q4
c. SpO2 monitor<\/p>\n\n\n\n

d. Capillary gas analysis Q8 Answer \u2714\u2714 Since the baby is stable, go less invasive,
also go continuous monitoring (not 4 hour or 8 hour), Transcutaneous (Tc)
continuous monitoring of CO2 and O2 is the best. Answer is A
A unilateral wheeze would most likely indicate which of the following.
a. Asthma
b. Atelectasis
c. Foreign body aspiration
d. Epiglottitis Answer \u2714\u2714 You wouldn’t have asthma on just one side (unilateral),
atelectasis would cause diminished breath sounds, with epiglottitis you would get
stridor, since you are only hearing wheezing on one side, you are hearing it on the
side where you aspirated something,
so ANSWER is C
All of the following would be associated with the presence of a pneumothorax
EXCEPT
a. Tracheal deviation
b. Dull percussion
c. Absent breath sounds
d. Respiratory distress Answer \u2714\u2714 With pneumothorax you would hear a high
pitch hyperresonnance, breath sounds would be absent, and respiratory distress
could be present. Dull percussion would NOT be present,
so ANSWER is B.
What should you recommend FIRST for a patient with multifocal pvc’s
a. Administration of lidocaine
b. Administration of 100% oxygen<\/p>\n\n\n\n

c. Administration of atropine
d. Administration of epinephrine Answer \u2714\u2714 Multiple pvc’s coming from multiple
locations (multifocal) is a real problem and you should administer oxygen FIRST,
so ANSWER is B. lidocaine will help reduce irritability of heart and help with
pvc’s but would not be first option, atropine is used for bradycardia and cardiac
irregularities but not pvc’s, epinephrine is emergency drug not for pvc’s but more
for pulseless ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrilation where heart is not
responding .
What is the normal range for the mean pulmonary artery pressure in an adult
a. 2-6 mm Hg
b. 4-12 mmHg
c. 9-18 mmHg
d. 21-28 mmHg Answer \u2714\u2714 Mean pulmonary artery pressure in an adult should
be in the teens
so best ANSWER is C
A patient in the emergency dept has frothy secretions, moist crackles, and
tachypnea. The patient has marked dyspnea and a history of heart disease. Which
of the following should the respiratory therapist recommend.
1.suction immediately
2.administer 100% oxygen
3.place in Fowlers position
4.administer furosemide Answer \u2714\u2714 This is an emergency, they are having heart
problems, dyspnea, frothy secretions indicating severe pulmonary edema, etc. so
100% oxygen immediately, having the patient in the Fowlers position (an upright
position) will help pull fluid down away from the lungs, furosemide is a lasix (loop
diuretic) which gets rid of excess fluid. You do NOT suction someone with frothy<\/p>\n\n\n\n

NBRC Practice Test #2 questions with
correct answers
After a patient undergoes a thoracentesis, the respiratory therapist notes that the
obtained pleural fluid is clear with a slight straw color. This fluid is most likely the
result of
A. empyema.
B. congestive heart failure.
C. lung carcinoma.
D. hemothorax. Answer \u2714\u2714 Congestive Heart Failure
The respiratory therapist is calibrating a spirometer and checking the volume with
a 3.0 liter super syringe. the volumes recorded are 2.85L, 2.8L and 2.8L. Based
upon the information obtained, which of the following is a correct statement?
A. Another syringe needs to be used
B. Spirometer is accurate
C. The plunger was advanced too slowly
D. Spirometer may have a leak Answer \u2714\u2714 D. Spirometer may have a leak
Which of the following is an indication for high frequency jet ventilation?
A. Bronchopleural fistula
B. Wilson Mikity syndrome
C Necrotizing lesion of right lung
D. Centrilobular emphysema Answer \u2714\u2714 Bronchopleural Fistula<\/p>\n\n\n\n

**(because it uses mean airway pressures & low tidal volumes to improve
oxygenation and we do not want to worsen bp fistula)
A 43 y\/o female patient has just undergone a total abdominal hysterectomy. The pt
arrives in the post anesthesia care unit obtunded with minimal response to painful
stimulus. what treatment should the RT recommend for this pt? Answer \u2714\u2714 Insert
OPA (b\/c they are unresponsive)
What is the normal VD\/VT ratio for a patient breathing room air? Answer \u2714\u2714 20-
40%
All of the following could cause a patient’s right-hemidiaphragm to be elevated,
EXCEPT:
A. right lower lobe atelectasis
B. right side hyperlucency, absent vascular markings
C. hepatomegaly
D. right lower lobe consolidation with air bronchograms Answer \u2714\u2714 B. right side
hyperlucency, absent vascular markings (pneumothorax)
A 2 y\/o child with croup has been intubated for 4 days with a 4mm ID uncuffed
ETT. Heated aerosol at an FiO2 of 30% has been delivered to the patient. The
physician asks the RT to evaluate the pt for possible extubation. Which of the
following would most likely indicate that the pt is ready for extubation?
A. Pt is making normal quiet ventilatory efforts
B. Negative sputum culture and sensitivity has been reported
C. Pt’s ABG are within normal range<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D. Breath sounds are heard around the tube on auscultation Answer \u2714\u2714 D. Breath
sounds are heard around the tube on auscultation
A pt is senn inthe ER for complaints of nausea and vomiting. A NGT has been
inserted and the pt is started on lasix. Which of the following should the RT
monitor?
A. Cardiac enzymes
B. Serum electrolytes
C. ABG
D. Cell hydration level Answer \u2714\u2714 B. Serum electrolytes (because of loss of
fluids)
While instructing a pt prior to a vital capacity maneuver, the RT should direct the
pt to:
A. exhale to RV and inhale to IC
B. inhale to TLC then exhale to RV
C. exhale normally then inhale to TLC
D. inhale normally then exhale to FRC Answer \u2714\u2714 B. inhale to TLC then exhale
to RV
A 77 y\/o male patient is admitted to the ER with shortness of breath, fine basilar
crackles, +2 pitting edema and a chest X-ray with a butterfly pattern. These results
are most consistent with which of the following?
A. Pulmonary edema
B. Pulmonary interstitial emphysema<\/p>\n\n\n\n

NBRC questions with correct answers
The physician orders a 60% Tpiece be set up for a patient who requires a
inspiratory flow of 12lpm .what is the minimum flow rate that the flow meter must
be set to meet this inspiratory flow demands. Answer \u2714\u2714 2×12=24 which does not
meet a pt demand of 30 so 2×15 will meet the pt demand
The physician orders a 40% piece to be set up for a patient who requires a
inspiratory flow of 6 lpm what must the flow meter be set at? Answer \u2714\u2714 4×6=24
not meeting pt demand so 4×8=32 meeting the patient demand
After a patient received a broncho dilator therapy the rt attempts to perform
nasotracheal suction on the patient as the catheter enters the oropharynx th most
likely ekg would look like? Answer \u2714\u2714 Vagal nerve stimulation
Increase heart rate Increase work of breathing is caused by Answer \u2714\u2714
hypoxemia
What is the drug would be best to use to temporarily paralyze a patient to facilitate
tracheal intubation Answer \u2714\u2714 Succinylcholine
While making o2 rounds you discover that the 6 inch tubing on a t piece setup has
fallen off what may result from this Answer \u2714\u2714 delivered fio2 would decrease,
the patient would entrain room air during inspiration,
a patient has been paralyzed with veuronium and is recieving mechanical
ventilation which of the following ventilator monitoring alarms would be sounding
Answer \u2714\u2714 low pressure<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Inspiratory stridor is a major clinical sign of what airway condition? Answer \u2714\u2714
glottic edema
A patient with COPD is in the emergency room and is complaining of shortness of
breath ABG results of the patient breathing room air : PH 7.31 PaCo2 62 torr PaO2
44 HCO3 35, what is the appropriate recommendation for o2 therapy ? Answer
\u2714\u2714 Air Entrainment mask at 28%
A patient with marked stridor what do you do Answer \u2714\u2714 reintubate.
Failure to hyperoxygenate a patient on a ventilator before ET suctioning may result
in:
a. hypocarbia
b. hypoxemia
c. hypertension
d. bradycardia
(there are two answers to this question) Answer \u2714\u2714 Hypoxemia and Bradycardia
If not cleaned properly, which one of the following devices is most likely to
contaminate a patient’s airway with bacteria?
a. bubble humidifier
b. heated wick humidifier
c. hydrosphere
d. heated jet nebulizer Answer \u2714\u2714 heated jet nebulizer
A 58 year old patient with emphysema enters the emergency department on a 2 lit
nasal cannula blood for a bag drawn and after the results are evaluated the o2 flow
is increased to 5 liter .2LITER PH 7.34 PACO2 62 PAO2 44 and at 5 LITER PH<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SDS Exam \u2013 NBRC questions with correct
answers
The recommended HFF for recording electocardiograph channel is Answer \u2714\u2714
70Hz
Which of the following would best describe rhythmic movement disorder?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Minimum frequency of 0.3Hz<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Max frequency of 2.0Hz<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Min number of 4 rhythmic movements
    a.1,2
    b.2,3
    c.1,3
    d.1,2,3 Answer \u2714\u2714 b
    A 14 year old boy is undergoing an overnight sleep study and has been stared on
    CPAP. The pt is currently on 8cmH2O CPAP. What is the recommended max
    CPAP pressure for this pt Answer \u2714\u2714 20cmH2O
    What is max CPAP for pts under 12 years old? Answer \u2714\u2714 15cmH2O
    A pt recently completed an MSLT having obtained a total score of 10. Which of
    the following would best describe managing the pts daytime sleepiness? Answer
    \u2714\u2714 Troublesome
    Classify the following MSLT scores:
    0 – 5 minutes\u2026<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    6 – 10 minutes\u2026
    11 – 15 minutes\u2026
    16 – 20 minutes\u2026 Answer \u2714\u2714 \u2026Severe
    \u2026Troublesome
    \u2026Manageable
    \u2026Excellent
    During an MSLT a pt has had 5 naps w\/o onset of REM\u2026what should be done
    next?
    a. End the study
    b. Have pt take 6th nap Answer \u2714\u2714 b. 6th nap
    MSLT is a seris of _ to _naps, each ____min long,<\/em><\/strong><\/em> hours apart.
    naps will be suffieicent if sleep onset REM has occurred in 2 naps. Answer
    \u2714\u2714 4 to 5 each 20min long and 2 hours apart
    4
    In MSLT the 1st nap begins <\/em><\/strong>to hours after the overnight PSG has concluded Answer \u2714\u2714 1.5 to 3 hours MSLT is not recommended the morning after what type of study Answer \u2714\u2714 Split MSLT is not used to diagnose narcolepsy if the TST on the prior night study was less than _<\/strong><\/em> hours Answer \u2714\u2714 6
    State 2 methods for ending a nap in an MSLT Answer \u2714\u2714 1. No sleep onset after
    20min<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. After 15min of continuous recording following sleep onset
      List channels used in sleep montage for an MSLT Answer \u2714\u2714 EEG (2 leads:
      Central and Occipital)
      2 Reference Leads (M1 and M2)
      E1 and E2 (Eyes)
      2 EMG leads (chin and 2 submentalis only)
      ECG
      List 3 items that must be scored for MSLT Answer \u2714\u2714 1. Sleep latencies for each
      nap<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. MSLT for the entire test (avg of ALL naps)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    3. SOREM periods
      Correct postion for and esophageal pH monitoring catheter is\u2026 Answer \u2714\u2714
      advance catheter until pH< 4.0 and then withdraw 5cm, tape and record tube
      placement at nostril
      Describe the anatomic position an esophageal pH catheter should be placed
      Answer \u2714\u2714 Cather tip should be 5cm above the upper border of the lower
      esophgeal sphincter
      Another name for the disinfecting agent Cidex?
      How long for this agent to disinfect?
      How long for this agent to sterilize Answer \u2714\u2714 Alkaline gluteraldeyde
      10 min
      10 hours<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      NBRC CRT Practice Test #1 questions with
      correct answers
      A patient is admitted to the ED following a vehicle accident. On physical exam,
      the RT discovers that breath sounds are absent in the left chest with a hyper
      resonant percussion note. The trachea is shifted to the right. The patient’s heart rate
      is 45\/min, RR is 30\/min and BP is 60\/40 mmHg. What action should the therapist
      reccomend first? Answer \u2714\u2714 Needle aspirate the 2nd left intercostal space
      A 65kg spinal cord injured patient has developed atelectasis. His inspiratory
      capacity is 30% of his predicted value. What bronchial hygiene therapy would be
      most appropriate initially? Answer \u2714\u2714 IPPB with normal saline
      A healthy adult female can exhale what portion of her forced vital capacity in the
      first second? Answer \u2714\u2714 70%
      A patient on VC ventilation has demonstrated auto-PEEP on ventilator graphics.
      Which of the following controls, when adjusted independently, would increase
      expiratory time? Answer \u2714\u2714 Tidal volume, Respiratory Rate and Inspiratory flow
      A 55 y\/o post cardiac surgery patient has the following ABG results: pH 7.50,
      PaCO2 30 torr, PaO2 62 torr, HCO3 25 mEq\/L, SaO2 92%, HB 14 g;dL, BE +2.
      Venous blood gas results are pH 7.39, PvCO2 43 torr, PvO2 37 torr, and SvO2
      66%. Calculate the patient’s C(a-v)O2. Answer \u2714\u2714 4.0 vol%
      TO SOLVE:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • Use formula: C(a-v)O2 = CaO2 – CvO2<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • CaO2 = (Hb x 1.34 x SaO2) + (PaO2 x 0.003)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        **Normal amounts are 4-5%
        Immediately after extubation of a patient in the ICU, the RT observes increasing
        respiratory distress with intercostal retractions and marked stridor. The SpO2 on
        40% O2 is noted to be 86%. What would be the most appropriate response at this
        time? Answer \u2714\u2714 Reintubation (due to marked stridor)
        What may be obtained from a FVC maneuver during beside PFTs? Answer \u2714\u2714
        FEV1 and PEFR
        What suction catheter would be appropriate for a patient with a size 8.0mm ID
        ETT? Answer \u2714\u2714 12 Fr<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • Use formula ID size\/2 X 3
          The RT notes a developing hematoma after and ABG was drawn from the right
          radial artery. The immediate response is to: Answer \u2714\u2714 apply pressure to the site
          A patient on the general medical ward is on a 28% air entrainment mask with the
          flowmeter set at 5L\/min. What is the total flow delivered to the patient? Answer
          \u2714\u2714 55L\/min
          TO SOLVE<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • 28% –> 10:1 ratio –> 11 total flow factor<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Total flow factor x set values for L\/min (so 5L\/min x 11 = 55L\/min)
          What measurement is most indicative of pulmonary edema?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • HR 120\/min<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          NBRC Exam – Patient Assessment questions with
          correct answers
          What do you review in the patient’s history? Answer \u2714\u2714 – History<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          • Admission data<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Progress notes<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Diagnosis<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Respiratory care orders<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Medication history<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Do not resuscitate (DNR) status and advance
            directives<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Social history
            What do you note in patient history? Answer \u2714\u2714 1. Date of history taking<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            1. Patient data: name, age, gender, race, and
              occupation<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            2. Primary complaints<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            3. Secondary complaints<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            4. Present illness history and symptoms<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            5. Family history<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            6. Medical history of cardiopulmonary disease(s),
              including smoking history, cough, sputum
              production, allergies, and activities of daily living<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            7. Review of body systems<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

              The attending physician writes up his or her key findings and how they are related
              to the reason the patient was admitted to the hospital. What is this information
              called? Answer \u2714\u2714 Admission data
              What do you do it the physician notes a change in the patient’s care plan? Answer
              \u2714\u2714 Check for new patient care orders
              True or false: You should review the physician’s, nurse’s, and respiratory therapist’s
              patient progress notes before seeing the patient and beginning the therapeutic
              procedure. Answer \u2714\u2714 True
              When reviewing progress notes, what is the respiratory therapist looking for?
              Answer \u2714\u2714 Any cardiopulmonary or other organ-system changes that will have
              an impact on the patient’s ability to take the treatment.
              After the medical history, physical exam, and laboratory tests are completed, the
              patient will be placed in one of four diagnostic categories. What are these
              categories? Answer \u2714\u2714 – Crisis\/acute onset of illness<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \n
              • Intermittent but repeated illness<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Progressive worsening<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Mixed patterns\/multiple problems
                What must physician orders have? Answer \u2714\u2714 – Patient’s name<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • The date<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • The time<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Complete and proper orders for each
                therapeutic procedure<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • The physician’s signature<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                NBRC Exam Patient Assessment questions
                with correct answers
                What action should be recommended if the APGAR score is 3 Answer \u2714\u2714
                Resuscitate
                What action should be recommended if the APGAR score is 8? Answer \u2714\u2714
                Monitor routine care
                Orthopnea Answer \u2714\u2714 Difficult breathing except in the upright position (CHF)
                General malise Answer \u2714\u2714 Run down feeling, nausea, weakness. fatigue.
                headache (check electrolyte imbalance)
                Dyspnea Answer \u2714\u2714 A feeling of shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
                Dysphagia Answer \u2714\u2714 Difficulty swallowing and hoarseness are common
                symptoms
                Peripheral Edema Answer \u2714\u2714 Fluid in the arms and legs
                Recommend a Diuretic
                Pathology: Presence of excessive fluid in the tissue as pitting edema caused by
                CHF and renal failure
                Ascites Answer \u2714\u2714 Accumulation of fluid in the abdomen generally caused by
                liver failure.
                Pathology: Abdominal infection<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                Clubbing of fingers Answer \u2714\u2714 Caused by chronic hypoxemia
                Pathology: Pulmonary disease COPD, CHF
                The thumb and first fingers are affected.
                Venous Distention Answer \u2714\u2714 Increased venous distention, jugular distention
                (JVD) temporal veins popping out
                Pathology: occurs with CHF, seen during exhalation in patients with COPD.
                Capillary refill Answer \u2714\u2714 Indication of peripheral circulation
                Pathology: blanching the hand and watch for color return
                Color should return within 3 seconds
                Diaphoresis Answer \u2714\u2714 A state of profuse\/heavy sweating, heart failure
                recommend diuretics. positive inotropic agents.
                Pathology: fever infection (recommend antibiotics), anxiety nervousness
                (recommend sedatives), tuberculosis\/night sweats (recommend antitubular gram
                stain)
                Ashen\/pallor Answer \u2714\u2714 Abnormal
                Indicates: anemia, blood loss, (vasoconstriction will cause color change by
                reducing blood)
                Erythema Answer \u2714\u2714 Redness of the skin
                Indicates: due to capillary congestion, inflammation or infection
                Cyanosis Answer \u2714\u2714 Blue or blue-gray dusky discoloration of the skin and
                mucous membranes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                Indicates: hypoxia from increased amount of reduced hemoglobin
                Chest configuration Kyphosiscoliosis Answer \u2714\u2714 Convex curvature of the spine
                with a lateral curvature of the skin<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \n
                • causes a restrictive pattern and reduced lung volumes.
                  Describe symmetrical chest movement Answer \u2714\u2714 When both sides of the chest
                  are moving equally at the same time
                  List five underlying pathologies that can contribute to a patient displaying
                  asymmetrical chest movement Answer \u2714\u2714 Post lung resection, post
                  pneumonectomy
                  Atelectasis (hyperinflation recruitment maneuver
                  Flail chest
                  Pneumothorax
                  Endotracheal tube inserted in right or left mainstem bronchi
                  Eupnea Answer \u2714\u2714 Normal respiratory rate, depth and rhythm
                  Condition: normal respiratory rate for an adult 12-20bpm
                  Tachypnea Answer \u2714\u2714 Increased respiratory rate >20bpm
                  Condition: hypoxia, fever, pain, CNS problem
                  Bradypnea Answer \u2714\u2714 Decreased respiratory rate <12bpm
                  Condition: sleep, drugs, alcohol, metabolic disorder<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  NBRC Exam questions with correct answersNormal Urine Output Answer \u2714\u2714 40mL\/hr (approximatley 1 Liter a day)Intake exceeds output Answer \u2714\u2714 -weight gain-electrolyte imbalance-increased hemodynamic pressures-decreased lung complianceCentral Venous Pressure (CVP) Answer \u2714\u2714 can indicate changes in fluid balanceNormal CVP Answer \u2714\u2714 2-6mmHg or 4-12cmH20-decreased CVP can indicate hypovalemia (fluid therapy)-increased CVP can indicate hypervalemia (diuretics)Stuporous, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-119667","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exams-certification"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119667","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=119667"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119667\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=119667"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=119667"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=119667"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}