SARAH MICHELLE LIVE REVIEW STUDY GUIDE (COMPLETE)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SARAH MICHELLE LIVE REVIEW
STUDY GUIDE (COMPLETE)
What is the screening tool for the thyroid? \u2714Ans – TSH Level
What is the normal range for TSH? \u2714Ans – 0.5-5.0
When do you order a full thyroid profile? \u2714Ans – If thyroid screening of
TSH comes back abnormal, then we will reorder TSH and T3, T4.
What disorder demonstrates a low TSH level and high T3 and T4 levels?
\u2714Ans – Hyperthyroidism
What disorder demonstrates a high TSH level and low T3 and T4 levels?
\u2714Ans – Hypothyroidism
What medication is used to treat hypothyroidism? \u2714Ans – Levothyroxine
(Synthroid)
What dose of Synthroid do you want to start your patient on? \u2714Ans – If
patient is elderly or if they have a significant cardiac history then we are going
to start at a lower dose of 12.5-25 mcg po daily.
In a normal healthy patient, we will start at 25-50 mcg po daily.
After initiation of medication for treatment of hypothyroidism, when do you
recheck TSH level? \u2714Ans – 6-8 weeks
When TSH level is stabilized, how often do you recheck their level? \u2714Ans –
Every 6-12 months
What is the go to medication for treatment of hyperthyroidism? \u2714Ans –
Tapazole and PTU
How do you manage treatment for hyperthyroidism in a pregnant patient?
\u2714Ans – We need to use PTU instead if they are in their first trimester. After
first trimester, then they can be switched to tapazole.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
What medication class is used to treat symptoms of hyperthyroidism? \u2714Ans<\/p>\n\n\n\n
When do we screen for microalbumin in the urine? \u2714Ans – We’re always
going to screen when DM and HTN is first diagnosed.
What are the most common causes of CKD? \u2714Ans – HTN and DM
Why is it important to perform early screening for microalbumin in the urine?
\u2714Ans – Patients who have mild kidney damage do not have symptoms, this
screening will ideally identify damage early and prevent progression.
What stage of CKD do patients show true symptoms? \u2714Ans – Stage 3 or
worse
How often are we screening for micro albumin? \u2714Ans – Bare minimum is
going to be annually for patients with DM or HTN or both.
What is the normal range of microalbumin? \u2714Ans – < 30
What is the most common symptom of all anemias? \u2714Ans – Fatigue
What is a normal hemoglobin level? \u2714Ans – 12-18
Women are on the lower end, and men are on the higher end
What is a normal hemoglobin to hematocrit ratio? \u2714Ans – 3 to 1
36-54%
What does MCV stand for? \u2714Ans – mean corpuscular volume
What is a normal MCV? \u2714Ans – 80-100
What does low MCV indicate? \u2714Ans – Microcytic anemias
What is the most common microcytic anemia? \u2714Ans – Iron deficiency
anemia
What is the biggest risk faction for the development of IDA is int he first year
of life? \u2714Ans – The ingestion of cow’s milk
What does high MCV levels indicate? \u2714Ans – Microcytic anemia<\/p>\n\n\n\n
What are the most common microcytic anemias? \u2714Ans – B12 and folate
What symptoms are common with B12 deficiency anemia? \u2714Ans – Neuro
symptoms- the most common symptom is parasthesia
What surgery typically leads to B12 deficiency anemia? \u2714Ans –
Gastrectomy patients- who have part of their stomach removed
Why do gastrectomy patients typically have B12 deficiency anemia? \u2714Ans –
In order for B12 to be absorbed, it needs to be able to combine with intrinsic
factor, which is produced in the stomach. If we remove a large portion of the
stomach then we lose a lot of that intrinsic factor.
What diabetes medication used long term can also lead to B12 deficiency?
\u2714Ans – Metformin
What is an abnormal lead level? \u2714Ans – >5, ideally no lead should be
within the body
What kind of symptoms may lead intoxication lead to? \u2714Ans – Cognitive
delays and behavioral problems
What are the 3 microcytic anemias? \u2714Ans – LIT
Lead
Iron
Thalassemia
What are the 2 macrocytic anemias? \u2714Ans – FAB
Folate and B12
What are the components of a lipid profile? \u2714Ans – Total cholesterol
HDl
LDL
Triglycerides
What’s a normal total cholesterol level? \u2714Ans – <200
What is a normal HDL level? \u2714Ans – 40-60, the higher the better
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