Exam 2: NUR242\/ NUR 242 (Latest 2023\/ 2024) Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam Review| Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct- Galen<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Exam 2: NUR242\/ NUR 242 (Latest 2023\/
2024) Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam
Review| Questions and Verified Answers|
100% Correct
Q: S\/S of dehydration
Answer:
\u2022Vital signs: hyperthermia, ST, thread pulse, hypotension, decrease CVP
\u2022Neuromusculoskeletal: Dizziness, syncope, confusion, weakness, fatigue
\u2022GI: thirst, dry furrowed tongue, N\/V, anorexia, weight loss
\u2022Renal: Oliguria
\u2022Other signs: Diminish capillary refill, cool clammy skin, diaphoresis, sunken eyeballs, flat neck
vein
Q: Dehydration assessment
Answer:
\u2022Assess for condition leading to dehydration: diarrhea, poor intake, vigorous exercise, vomiting,
polyuria, fluid losses (burns, trauma) clients with drains\/NG tube, burns\/fluid shifts, overuse of
diuretic
Q: Dehydration labs
Answer:
\u2022Serum electrolytes (hypernatremia)
\u2022Increased serum osmolality normal 275- 295 mOsm\/kg; elevated > 295 found in dehydration; >
320 is critical finding
\u2022CBC elevated H\/H
\u2022Elevated urine specific gravity > 1.030
\u2022Increased BUN
Q: Dehydration interventions\/goal<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Answer:
\u2022Goal of interventions: replace fluid and electrolytes to achieve homeostasis
\u2022Closely monitor status and rehydration, avoid overcorrection
\u2022Monitor I\/O and weight
\u2022Identify and manage cause- diarrhea, vomiting, blood loss, poor intake
\u2022Oral rehydration is priority if tolerating PO fluids
Q: Dehydration priority interventions
Answer:
\u2022IV fluid resuscitation\/replacement, general guidelines
\u2022Hypertonic dehydration- hypotonic fluids- D5W once dextrose is metabolized; 0.45% NaCL
(1\/2 normal saline)
\u2022Isotonic dehydration: isotonic fluids (normal saline, lactated ringers)
\u2022Hypotonic dehydration: hypertonic fluids (3% or 5% saline solution)
\u2022Blood products in increased blood loss\/trauma
\u2022Medications to treat cause: antidiarrheal, anti emetic, AB, antipyretics
\u2022Ingestion of food to replace electrolytes
Q: Complications of dehydration
Answer:
\u2022Hypovolemia
\u2022Hypovolemia shock
\u2022Seizures\/coma
\u2022Multiorgan system failure
Q: Dehydration medications
Answer:
Diphenoxylate with atropine
Loperamide
Promethazine HCL
Acetaminophen<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Q: Causes of hypercalcemia
Answer:
\u2022increased intake of calcium, antacids, thiazide, glucocorticoids, kidney disease, immobilization,
calcium and vitamin D overdose, acidosis, milk alkali syndrome, bone metastasis,
hyperparathyroidism
Q: Causes of hypocalcemia
Answer:
low calcium intake, lactose intolerance, Malabsorption syndrome (crohn’s disease) End stage
kidney disease, diarrhea, wound drainage (especially GI)
Q: Calcium
Answer:
9-10.5
Q: S\/S of hypocalcemia
Answer:
\u2022Vital signs: SB, low hypotension, weak pulses
\u2022Assess for tetany, Chvostek sign, trousseau sign, laryngeal stridor, dysphagia, fatigue, anxiety,
depression, hyperreflexia, muscle spasm numbness, tingling of extremities and around mouth
Q: S\/S of hypercalcemia
Answer:
\u2022Vital sign, ST, HTN, bounding pulses
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Exam 2: NUR242\/ NUR 242 (Latest 2023\/ 2024) Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam Review| Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct- Galen Exam 2: NUR242\/ NUR 242 (Latest 2023\/2024) Medical-Surgical Nursing ExamReview| Questions and Verified Answers|100% CorrectQ: S\/S of dehydrationAnswer:\u2022Vital signs: hyperthermia, ST, thread pulse, hypotension, decrease CVP\u2022Neuromusculoskeletal: Dizziness, syncope, confusion, weakness, fatigue\u2022GI: thirst, dry furrowed tongue, N\/V, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-127239","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exams-certification"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/127239","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=127239"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/127239\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=127239"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=127239"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learnexams.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=127239"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}