WGU D115 Objective Assessment (New 2023\/ 2024) Advanced Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse Exam| Real Questions and Verified Answers|100% Correct| Graded A<\/p>\n\n\n\n
WGU D115 Objective Assessment (New 2023\/
2024) Advanced Pathophysiology for the
Advanced Practice Nurse Exam| Real
Questions and Verified Answers|100%
Correct| Graded A
QUESTION
Which of the following clients likely faces the greatest risk of a gastrointestinal
bleed?
Answer:
A client who takes aspirin with each meal to control symptoms of osteoarthritis
Feedback: The gastric mucosa can be easily damaged by drugs such as aspirin, resulting
in local ischemia, vascular stasis, hypoxia, and tissue necrosis. Antihypertensives,
diuretics, antibiotics, and benzodiazepines do not pose such a significant threat to the
integrity of the gastric mucosa.
QUESTION
An older adult has suspected B12 deficiency. Which of the following lab results
supports this?
Answer:
Increased MCV
Feedback: A vitamin B12 deficiency can produce an anemia called pernicious anemia. It is
most commonly found in older adults and is characterized by microcytosis, an increased
MCV. in other words, the red blood cells are larger than expected. An increased MCH may
be seen in B12 deficiency, but this is unusual. A decreased hematocrit will be seen in most
anemias, but this is not specific to a B12 deficiency. Thrombocytosis refers to an increased
number of platelets in the blood stream.
QUESTION
A wound has the following characteristics partial thickness loss of dermis, a
shallow open ulcer with red\/pink bed, and no evidence of sloughing. what stage<\/p>\n\n\n\n
of pressure ulcer does this describe
Answer:
Stage II
Feedback: Stage II is characterized by partial thickness loss of dermis presenting as a
shallow open ulcer or a red pink wound bed, absent sloughing. It may also be present as
an intact of open\/ruptured serum filled blister
QUESTION
A 28-year-old has thick, demarcated plaques on her elbows. Which features are
suggestive of psoriasis?
Answer:
Silvery Scales that are not Pruritic
Feedback: There are many different presentations of psoriasis. Plaque psoriasis, which is
described in this question, is usually found in a symmetrical distribution on the scalp,
elbows, knees and\/or back. the size of the lesions range from 1-10 CM in diameter.
Usually the plaques are asymptomatic, but they may be mildly pruritic. Scaly lesions
found on the scalp are not specific to psoriasis and could be seborrheic dermatitis. A
scaly border around the plaque could describe the lesions associated with pityriasis rosea.
QUESTION
A patient presents with small vesicles on the lateral edges of his fingers and
intense itching. On close inspection, there are small vesicles on the palmar
surface of the hand. What is this called?
Answer:
Dyshidrotic dermatitis
Feedback: Dyshidrotic eczema causes small, intensely itchy blisters on the palms of
hands, soles of feet and edges of the fingers and toes.
QUESTION
A 40-year-old patient with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes asks what is target
blood PRESSURE should be. The most correct response in mmHg is<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Answer:
less than 140\/90
Feedback: the 2017 American diabetes associations target blood pressure for “most
patients with diabetes and hypertension” is less than 140\/90. Less than 140\/90 means the
systolic blood pressure should be in the 130’s at the highest and diastolic should be in
the 80’s at the highest. Lower blood pressure targets such as 130\/80 may be appropriate
for patients at high risk for cardiovascular disease if they can be easily achieved.
QUESTION
A patient has elevated liver enzymes. What is the likely etiology of the elevation?
AST (SGOT) 150 (normal 0-35 units\/L) and ALT (SGPT) 642 (normal 4-36 units\/L)
Answer:
hepatitis
Feedback: These liver enzymes are elevated. In looking at the numbers the ALT is grossly
elevated compared to the AST. A diagnosis of hepatitis is far more common when the ALT
is elevated. AST becomes the dominant liver enzyme when the patient has consumed a
substance that causes the liver to be damaged. Examples of this are found in the choices
suggesting acetaminophen, alcohol, and drug abuse
QUESTION
A 50-year-old female believes she is menopausal. She complains of hot flashes
and has not had menses in 12 months. Which of the following test results would
be expected during menopause?
Answer:
increased follicle stimulating hormone
Feedback: Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) begins to rise during menopausal
transition. This stage of menopause begins with variation in menstrual cycle length and
ends 12 months after the final menses. If the patient is older than 45 years and menstrual
cycle dysfunction has been ruled out, menopause should be considered. Possibly the best
approach to diagnosing menopause is to ask and observe clinical manifestations. An
elevated FSH is not necessary to make the diagnosis of menopause, but it is commonly
done in clinical practice. Diagnosis entails a review of symptoms. Specifically, changes in
bleeding patterns, hot flashes, sleep disturbances, and genitourinary symptoms are
characteristic of menopause. by definition, cessation of menses for 12 months constitutes
menopause.
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