Exam 2: NUR242\/ NUR 242 (New 2023\/ 2024) Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam Review| Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct – Galen<\/p>\n\n\n\n
QUESTION
Medications for hyper\/hypocalcemia
Answer:
Furosemide
Calcitonin
Pamidronate
\u2022Nitrogen containing bisphosphonate used to treat osteoporosis
QUESTION
Potassium
Answer:
3.5-5
QUESTION
Hyperkalemia causes
Answer:
\u2022Acidosis, cellular lysis(burns, injury, infection), medication maintain K+ in intravascular space,
potassium oral, rapid or high dose infusion of IV potassium, renal failure, adrenal insufficiency,
overuse of K+ salt substitute, use of K+ sparing diuretic, and hyperuricemia, ACE’s
QUESTION
Hypokalemia causes
Answer:
Exam 2: NUR242\/ NUR 242 (New 2023\/
2024) Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam
Review| Questions and Verified Answers|
100% Correct – Galen<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2022rhea, vomiting, inadequate intake of potassium, overuse of laxatives, low magnesium levels,
massive diuretic, side effect of insulin treatment with diabetic ketoacidosis, stress, delirium
tremens, coronary muscle necrosis, alkalosis, wound drainage (GI), diaphoresis, kidney disease,
water intoxication, NG suction
QUESTION
S\/S of hyperkalemia
Answer:
Asked about drug use
potassium supplements, ACEs, K+ sparing,
Palpation, irregularities rhythms, twitching leg weakness, tingling or numbness of hands, feet, or
face. ECG changes of tall, peaked T waves
GI: increase motility with diarrhea and hyperactive BS, BM are frequent and watery
QUESTION
S\/S of hypokalemia
Answer:
\u2022Assess vital sign (irregular weak thready pulses, shallow respiration, orthostatic hypotension)
\u2022Observe for muscle weakness, leg weakness, paralytic ileus, hyperglycemia, paralysis, anxiety,
confusion, lethargy, paresthesia, depressed deep tendon reflexes
QUESTION
Hyperkalemia ECG changes
Answer:
peaked T waves, prolonged PR interval, ST depression, loss of p waves, prolonged QRS
QUESTION
Hypokalemia ECG changes
Answer:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2022ST depression, flattened T wave, prolonged QRS, PVCs
QUESTION
Hyperkalemia interventions
Answer:
\u2022Determine and manage underlying cause
\u2022Decrease oral or IV intake of K+ (restrict diet)
\u2022Potassium binding med
\u2022IV infusion of insulin with glucose to force K+ into the cell and reduce serum K+
\u2022IV infusion of calcium gluconate or sodium bicarbonate to decrease cellular cardiac excitability
\u2022Dialysis
\u2022Provide K+ restrict diet (avoid avocados, broccoli, dairy products, bananas)
QUESTION
hyperkalemia nutrition
Answer:
\u2022You should avoid organ meat, preserved meat, dairy products, dried fruit, bananas, cantaloupe
\u2022Vegetables: avocados, broccoli, dried bean or peas, potatoes, spinach
QUESTION
Hypokalemia interventions
Answer:
\u2022Oral and IV supplementations
Ensure adequate gas exchange
Safety for falls prevention
Monitor signs and symptoms
Monitor lab values
Potassium diet
QUESTION
Hyperkalemia complications
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